Abstract
In this chapter, we describe in detail the steps involved in isolation and characterization of lipoglycans from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis. In addition, procedures involved in structural analysis such as immunoblotting with mAb CS-35 or CS-40, gas chromatography, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and endoarabinanase digestion followed by high-pH anion exchange chromatography and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis are presented.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
1. Chatterjee, D., and Khoo, K. H. (1998) Mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan: an extraordinary lipoheteroglycan with profound physiological effects. Glycobiology 8, 113–20.
2. Chatterjee, D., Khoo, K.-H., McNeil, M. R., Dell, A., Morris, H. R., and Brennan, P. J. (1993) Structural definition of the non-reducing termini of mannose-capped LAM from Mycobacterium tuberculosis through selective enzymatic degradation and fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry. Glycobiology 3, 497–506.
3. Prinzis, S., Chatterjee, D., and Brennan, P. J. (1993) Structure and antigenicity of lipoarabinomannan from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. J. Gen. Microbiol. 139, 2649–2658.
4. Chatterjee, D., Lowell, K., Rivoire, B., McNeil, M., and Brennan, P. J. (1992) Lipoarabinomannan of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Capping with mannosyl residues in some strains. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 6234–6239.
5. Venisse, A., Berjeaud, J.-M., Chaurand, P., Gilleron, M., and Puzo, G. (1993) Structural features of lipoarabinomannan from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Determination of molecular mass by laser desorption mass spectrometry. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 12401–12411.
6. Nigou, J., Gilleron, M., Cahuzac, B., Bounéry, J. D., Herold, M., Thurnher, M., and Puzo, G. (1997) The phosphatidyl-myo-inositol anchor of the lipoarabinomannans from Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette Guerin—Heterogeneity, structure, and role in the regulation of cytokine secretion. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 23094–23103.
7. Torrelles, J. B., Khoo, K. H., Sieling, P. A., Modlin, R. L., Zhang, N., Marques, A. M., Treumann, A., Rithner, C. D., Brennan, P. J., and Chatterjee, D. (2004) Truncated structural variants of lipoarabinomannan in Mycobacterium leprae and an ethambutol-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 41227–41239.
8. Guerardel, Y., Maes, E., Elass, E., Leroy, Y., Timmerman, P., Besra, G. S., Locht, C., Strecker, G., and Kremer, L. (2002) Structural study of lipomannan and lipoarabinomannan from Mycobacterium chelonae. Presence of unusual components with alpha 1,3-mannopyranose side chains. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 30635–30648.
9. Khoo, K.-H., Dell, A., Morris, H. R., Brennan, P. J., and Chatterjee, D. (1995) Inositol phosphate capping of the nonreducing termini of lipoarabinomannan from rapidly growing strains of Mycobacterium. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 12380–12389.
10. Gilleron, M., Himoudi., Adam, O., Constant, O., Constant, P., Vercellone, A., Riviere, M., and Puzo, G. (1997) Mycobacterium smegmatis phosphatidylinositols-glyceroarabinomannans. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 117–124.
11. Nigou, J., Gilleron, M., and Puzo, G. (2003) Lipoarabinomannans: from structure to biosynthesis. Biochimie 85, 153–166.
12. Briken, V., Porcelli, S. A., Besra, G. S., and Kremer, L. (2004) Mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan and related lipoglycans: from biogenesis to modulation of the immune response. Mol. Microbiol. 53, 391–403.
13. Fratti, R. A., Chua, J., and Deretic, V. (2003) Induction of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase reduces early endosome autoantigen 1 (EEA1) recruitment to phagosomal membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 46961–46967.
14. Maeda, N., Nigou, J., Herrmann, J. L., Jackson, M., Amara, A., Lagrange, P. H., Puzo, G., Gicquel, B., and Neyrolles, O. (2003) The cell surface receptor DC-SIGN discriminates between Mycobacterium species through selective recognition of the mannose caps on lipoarabinomannan. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 5513–5516.
15. Schlesinger, L. S., Kaufman, T. M., Iyer, S., Hull, S. R., and Marchiando, L. K. (1996) Differences in mannose receptor-mediated uptake of lipoarabinomannan from virulent and attenuated strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by human macrophages. J. Immunol. 157, 4568–4575.
16. Kang, P. B., Azad, A. K., Torrelles, J. B., Kaufman, T. M., Beharka, A., Tibesar, E., DesJardin, L. E., and Schlesinger, L. S. (2005) The human macrophage mannose receptor directs Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoarabinomannan-mediated phagosome biogenesis. J. Exp. Med. 202, 987–999.
17. McNeil, M. R., Robuck, K. G., Harter, M., and Brennan, P. J. (1994) Enzymatic evidence for the presence of a critical terminal hexa-arabinoside in the cell walls of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Glycobiology 4, 165–173.
18. Kaur, D., Lowary, T. L., Vissa, V. D., Crick, D. C., and Brennan, P. J. (2002) Characterization of the epitope of anti-lipoarabinomannan antibodies as the terminal hexaarabinofuranosyl motif of mycobacterial arabinans. Microbiology 148, 3049–3057.
19. Chatterjee, D., Hunter, S. W., McNeil, M., and Brennan, P. J. (1992) Lipoarabinomannan. Multiglycosylated form of the mycobacterial mannosylphophatidylinositols. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 6228–6233.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grant AI 37139 and in part from grant AI 52439.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Shi, L., Torrelles, J.B., Chatterjee, D. (2009). Lipoglycans of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Isolation, Purification, and Characterization. In: Parish, T., Brown, A. (eds) Mycobacteria Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 465. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-207-6_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-207-6_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-889-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-207-6
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols