Skip to main content

Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Whole Viral Genomes

  • Protocol
Plant Virology Protocols

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology™ ((MIMB,volume 451))

Abstract

This chapter introduces an efficient and accurate site-directed mutagenesis protocol, which allows the color selection of mutants through the simultaneous activation or deactivation of the α-peptide of β-galactosidase. It uses doublestranded plasmid DNA as the mutational template. This protocol can efficiently create mutations of large inserts at multiple sites simultaneously and can be used to perform multiple rounds of mutation on the same construct. Thus, constructs containing whole open-reading frames and whole viral genomes can be subjected to site-directed mutagenesis and used for subsequent functional studies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Kunkel, T. A., Bebenek, K., and McClary, J. (1991) Efficient site-directed mutagenesis using uracil-containing DNA, in “Methods in Enzymology”, Academic Press, Inc., pp. 125–139.

    Google Scholar 

  2. 2. Kunkel, T. A. (1985) Rapid and efficient site-specific mutagenesis without phenotypic selection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 488–492.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. 3. Deng, W. P., and Nickoloff, J. A. (1992) Site-directed mutagenesis of virtually any plasmid by eliminating a unique site. Anal. Biochem. 200, 81–88.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. 4. Wong, F., and Komaromy, M. (1995) Site-directed mutagenesis using thermostable enzymes. BioTechniques 18, 1034–1038.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. 5. Ohmori, H. (1994) A new method for strand discrimination in sequence-directed mutagenesis. Nucleic Acids Res. 22, 884–885.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. 6. Li, F., Liu, S. L., and Mullins, J. I. (1999) Site-directed mutagenesis using uracil-containing double-stranded DNA templates and DpnI digestion. Biotechniques 27, 734–738.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. 7. Xin, W., Huang, D. W., Zhang, Y. M., and Geng, L. (2004) DNA mutagenesis using T4 DNA polymerase and DpnI restriction endonuclease. Anal. Biochem. 329, 151–153.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. 8. Weiner, M. P., Costa, G. L., Schoettlin, W., Cline, J., Mathur, E., and Bauer, J. C. (1994) Site-directed mutagenesis of double-stranded DNA by the polymerase chain reaction. Gene 151, 119–123.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. 9. Lu, L., Patel, H., and Bissler, J. J. (2002) Optimizing DpnI digestion conditions to detect replicated DNA. Biotechniques 33, 316–318.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. 10. Lesley, S. A., and Bohnsack, R. N. (1994) Site-directed mutagenesis using the altered sites II systems, in “Promega Notes”, Vol. 46, Madison, WI, p.06.

    Google Scholar 

  11. 11. Liu, L., and Lomonossoff, G. P. (2006) A site-directed mutagenesis method utilising large double-stranded DNA templates for the simultaneous introduction of multiple changes and sequential multiple rounds of mutation: application to the study of whole viral genomes. J. Virol. Met. 137, 63–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. 12. Liu, L., Canizares, M. C., Monger, W., Perrin, Y., Tsakiris, E., Porta, C., Shariat, N., Nicholson, L., and Lomonossoff, G. P. (2005) Cowpea mosaic virus-based systems for the production of antigens and antibodies in plants. Vaccine 23, 1788–1792.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. 13. Liu, L., Grainger, J., Canizares, M. C., Angell, S. M., and Lomonossoff, G. P. (2004) Cowpea mosaic virus RNA-1 acts as an amplicon whose effects can be counteracted by a RNA-2-encoded suppressor of silencing. Virology 323, 37–48.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. 14. van Engelen, F. A., Moltoff, J. W., Conner, A. J., Nap, J.-P., Pereira, A., and Stiekema, W. J. (1995) pBINPLUS: an improved plant transformation vector based on pBIN19. Transgenic Res. 4, 288–290.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E. F., and Maniatis, T. (Eds.) (1989) Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual. Second edition. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.

    Google Scholar 

  16. 16. Chung, C. T., Niemela, S. L., and Miller, R. H. (1989) One-step preparation of competent Escherichia coli: Transformation and storage of bacterial cells in the same solution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 2172–2175.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was funded under the BBSRC LINK scheme, the EC Framework 5 Quality of Life Programme (contract No. QLK2-CT-2002-01050) and the EC Framework 6 “Pharma-planta” project.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Humana Press, a part of Springer Science + Business Media, LLC

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Liu, L., Lomonossoff, G.P. (2008). Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Whole Viral Genomes. In: Foster, G.D., Johansen, I.E., Hong, Y., Nagy, P.D. (eds) Plant Virology Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 451. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-102-4_27

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-102-4_27

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-827-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-102-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics