Abstract
The two fundamental criteria for successful cell transplantation in the adult mammalian brain are, first, the selection of an appropriate donor tissue at a stage of development when it can survive and grow after transplantation, and, second, the selection of an implantation method and site within the host brain where the graft can be nourished, vascularized, and rapidly incorporated into the host environment (Stenevi et al., 1976). The first of these topics is addressed in the first seven chapters of the present volume, in which the selection, collection, dissection, and handling of embryonic tissues, cell lines, engineered cells, and artificial devices for implantation are each considered in some detail. The second section, introduced by the present chapter, considers the alternative methods of implantation available for transfer of the graft tissues into the nervous system of the host animal.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aguayo, A. J., Björklund, A., Stenevi, U., and Carlstedt, T. (1984) Fetal mesencephalic neurons survive and extend long axons across peripheral nervous system grafts inserted into the adult rat striatum. Neurosci. Lett. 45, 53–58.
Baker-Cairns, B. J., Sloan, D. J., Broadwell, R. D., Puklavec, M., and Charlton, H. M. (1996) Contributions of donor and host blood vessels in CNS allografts. Exp. Neurol. 142, 36–46.
Barker, R. A., Fricker, R. A., Abrous, D. N., Fawcett, J. W., and Dunnett, S. B. (1995) Comparative study of the preparation techniques for improving the viability of nigral grafts using vital stain, in vitro cultures and in vivo grafts. Cell Transplant. 4, 173–200.
Björklund, A., Dunnett, S. B., Stenevi, U., Lewis, M. E., and Iversen, S. D. (1980) Reinnervation of the denervated striatum by substantia nigra transplants: functional consequences as revealed by pharmacological and sensorimotor testing. Brain Res. 199, 307–333.
Björklund, A. and Stenevi, U. (1984) Intracerebral neural implants: neuronal replacement and reconstruction of damaged circuitries. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 7, 279–308.
Brecknell, J. E., Du, J.-S., Muir, E. M., Fidler, P. S., Hlavin, M.-L., Dunnett, S. B., and Fawcett, J. W. (1996b) Bridge grafts of fibroblast growth factor-4-secreting Schwannoma cells promote functional axonal regeneration in the nigrostriatal pathway of the adult rat. Neuroscience 74, 775–784.
Brecknell, J. E., Haque, N. S. K., Du, J.-S., Muir, E. M., Hlavin, M.-L., Fawcett, J. W., and Dunnett, S. B. (1996a) Functional and anatomical reconstruction of the 6-OHDA lesioned nigrostriatal system of the adult rats by RN22 nigrostriatal bridge grafts. Neuroscience 71, 913–925.
Broadwell, R. D., Charlton, H. M., Ebert, P., Hickley, W. F., Villegas, J. C., and Wolf, A. L. (1990) Angiogenesis and the blood-brain barrier in solid and dissociated cell grafts within the CNS. Prog. Brain Res. 82, 95–101.
David, S. and Aguayo, A. J. (1981) Axonal elongation into peripheral nervous system “bridges” after central nervous system injury in adult rats. Science 214, 931–933.
Dunnett, S. B. and Mayer, E. (1992) Neural grafts, growth factors and trophic mechanisms of recovery, in Neurodegeneration (Hunter, A. J. and Clarke, M., eds.), Academic, New York, pp. 183–217.
Dunnett, S. B., Rogers, D. C., and Richards, S. J. (1989) Nigrostriatal reconstruction after 6-OHDA lesions in rats: combination of dopamine-rich nigral grafts and nigrostriatal bridge grafts. Exp. Brain Res. 75, 523–535.
Fawcett, J. W., Barker, R. A., and Dunnett, S. B. (1995) Dopaminergic neuronal survival and the effects of bFGF in explant, three-dimensional and monolayer cultures of embryonic rat ventral mesencephalon. Exp. Brain Res. 106, 275–282.
Fonseca, M., DeFilipe, J., and Fairén, A. (1988) Local connections in transplanted and normal cerebral cortex of rats. Exp. Brain Res. 69, 387–398.
Fray, P. J., Dunnett, S. B., Iversen, S. D., Björklund, A., and Stenevi, U. (1983) Nigral transplants reinnervating the dopamine-depleted neostriatum can sustain intracranial self stimulation. Science 219, 416–419.
Freed, W. J. (1985) Transplantation of tissues into the cerebral ventricles: methodological details and rate of graft survival, in Neural Grafting in the Mammalian Brain (Björklund, A. and Stenevi, U., eds.), Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 31–40.
Fricker, R. A., Barker, R. A., Fawcett, J. W., and Dunnett, S. B. (1996) Comparative study of preparation techniques for improving the viability of striatal grafts using vital stains, in vitro cultures and in vivo grafts. Cell Transplant. 5, 599–611.
Gash, D. M., Mresjanac, M., Junn, F., and Zhang, Z. (1994) Trophic mechanisms mediating functional recovery following intrastriatal transplantation, in Functional Neural Transplantation (Dunnett, S. B. and Björklund, A., eds.), Raven, New York, pp. 139–156.
Isenmann, S., Brandner, S., Kühne, G., Boner, J., and Aguzzi, A. (1996) Comparative in vivo and pathological analysis of the blood-brain barrier in mouse telencephalic transplants. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. 22, 118–128.
Labbe, R., Firl, A., Mufson, E. J., and Stein, D. G. (1983) Fetal brain transplants: reduction of cognitive deficits in rats with frontal cortex lesions. Science 221, 470–472.
Lawrence, J. M., Huang, S. K., and Raisman, G. (1984) Vascular and astrocytic reactions during establishment of hippocampal transplants in adult host brain. Neuroscience 12, 745–760.
Leigh, K., Elisevich, K., and Rogers, K. A. (1994) Vascularization and microvascular permeability in solid versus cell-suspension embryonic neural grafts. J. Neurosurg. 81, 272–283.
Nakao, N., Frodl, E. M., Duan, W.-M., Widner, H., and Brundin, P. (1994) Lazaroids improve the survival of grafted rat embryonic dopamine neurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 12,408–12,412.
Nikkhah, G., Olsson, M., Eberhard, J., Bentlage, C., Cunningham, M. G., and Björklund, A. (1994) Microtransplantation approach for cell suspension grafting in the rat Parkinson model: a detailed account of the methodology. Neuroscience 63, 57–72.
Olson, L., Ayer-LeLievre, C., Ebendal, T., Eriksdotter-Nilsson, M., Ernfors, P., Henschen, A., Hoffer, B. J., Giacobini, M. M. J., Mouton, P., Palmer, M. R., Persson, H., Sara, V., Stromberg, I., and Wetmore, C. (1990) Grafts, growth factors and grafts that make growth factors. Prog. Brain Res. 82, 55–66.
Olson, L., Björklund, H., and Hoffer, B. J. (1984) Camera bulbi anterior: new vistas on a classical locus for neural tissue transplantation, in Neural Transplants: Development and Function (Sladek, J. R. and Gash, D. M., eds.), Plenum, New York, pp. 125–165.
Olson, L. and Malmfors, T. (1970) Growth characteristics of adrenergic nerves in the adult rat. Fluorescence histochemical and 3H-noradrenaline uptake studies using tissue transplantation to the anterior chamber of the eye. Ada Physiol. Scand. 348(Suppl), 1–112.
Olson, L. and Seiger, Å. (1972) Brain tissue transplanted to the anterior chamber of the eye. I. Fluorescence histochemistry of immature catecholamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine neurons innervating the iris. Z. Zellforsch. 195, 175–194.
Olson, L., Seiger, Å., and Strömberg, I. (1983) Intraocular transplantation in rodents: a detailed account of the procedure and examples of its use in neurobiology with special reference to brain tissue grafting. Adv. Cell. Neurobiol. 4, 407–442.
Paíno, C. L., Fernandez-Valle, C., Bates, M. L., and Bunge, M. B. (1994) Regrowth of axons in lesioned adult rat spinal cord—promotion by implants of cultured Schwann cells. J. Neurocytol. 23, 433–452.
Rosenblad, C., Martinez-Serrano, A., and Björklund, A. (1997) Intrastriatal glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor promotes sprouting of spared nigrostriatal dopaminergic afferents and induces recovery of function in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease. Neuroscience 82, 129–137.
Rosenstein, J. M. and Brightman, M. W. (1983) Circumventing the blood-brain barrier with autonomic ganglion transplants. Science 221, 879–881.
Schierle, G. S., Hansson, O., Leist, M., Nicotera, P., Widner, H., and Brundin, P. (1999) Caspase inhibition reduces apoptosis and increases survival of nigral transplants. Nature Med. 5, 97–100.
Schmidt, R. H., Björklund, A., Stenevi, U., and Dunnett, S. B. (1983) Intracerebral grafting of dissociated CNS tissue suspensions, in Nerve, Organ and Tissue Regeneration: Research Perspectives (Seil, F. J., ed.), Academic, New York, pp. 325–357.
Sinclair, S. R., Svendsen, C. N., Torres, E. M., Fawcett, J. W., and Dunnett, S. B. (1996) Effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on embryonic nigral grafts. NeuroReport 7, 2547–2552.
Stenevi, U., Björklund, A., and Svendgaard, N.-A. (1976) Transplantation of central and peripheral monoamine neurons to the adult rat brain: techniques and conditions for survival. Brain Res. 114, 1–20.
Stenevi, U., Kromer, L. F., Gage, F. H., and Björklund, A. (1985) Solid neural grafts in intracerebral transplantation cavities, in Neural Grafting in the Mammalian CNS (Björklund, A. and Stenevi, U., eds.), Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 41–49.
Vidal-Sanz, M., Bray, G. M., and Aguayo, A. J. (1992) Use of peripheral nerve grafts to study CNS regeneration, in Neural Transplantation. A Practical Approach (Dunnett, S. B. and Björklund, A., eds.), IRL, Oxford, pp. 93–104.
Wilby, M., Sinclair, S. R., Muir, E. M., Zietlow, R., Adcock, K.H., Horellou, P., Dunnett, S. B., and Fawcett, J. W. (1998) GDNF-secreting clone of the Schwann cell line SCTM41 enhances survival and fibre outgrowth from embryonic nigral neurones grafted to the striatum and the lesioned substantia nigra. J. Neurosci. 19, 2301–2312.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Dunnett, S.B., Björklund, A. (2000). Basic Transplantation Methods in Rodent Brain. In: Dunnett, S.B., Boulton, A.A., Baker, G.B. (eds) Neural Transplantation Methods. Neuromethods, vol 36. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-690-4_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-690-4_8
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-793-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-690-4
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols