Abstract
There is currently considerable interest in the role of specific IgG antibodies in allergy. Several studies suggest that specific IgG antibodies may play a protective role in allergy. Successful immunotherapy is associated with increases in allergen-specific IgG antibodies which correlate with clinical outcome. Other studies have identified an inverse relationship between exposure to cat and sensitization, which was associated with high-titer-specific IgG and IgG4. This immune response was described as a modified Th2 response, since both IgE and IgG4 require Th2 cytokine IL-4 for their production. A modified Th2 response was described with laboratory animal allergy, where there was almost a twofold reduction in the risk of developing work-related chest symptoms.
In this chapter, we review the major factors to be considered in the development of an ELISA for the determination of specific IgG and IgG4 antibodies.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Platts-Mills T, Vaughan J, Squillace S, Woodfolk J, Sporik R (2001) Sensitisation, asthma, and a modified Th2 response in children exposed to cat allergen: a population-based cross-sectional study. Lancet 357:752–756
Hesselmar B, Aberg B, Eriksson B, Bjorksten B, Aberg N (2003) High-dose exposure to cat is associated with clinical tolerance-a modified Th2 immune response? Clin Exp Allergy 33:1681–1685
Akdis CA, Blaser K (1999) IL-10-induced anergy in peripheral T cell and reactivation by microenvironmental cytokines: two key steps in specific immunotherapy. FASEB J 13:603–609
Akdis CA, Blesken T, Akdis M, Wuthrich B, Blaser K (1998) Role of interleukin 10 in specific immunotherapy. J Clin Invest 102:98–106
Cullinan P, Cook A, Gordon S, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Tee RD, Venables KM et al (1999) Allergen exposure, atopy and smoking as determinants of allergy to rats in a cohort of laboratory employees. Eur Respir J 13:1139–1143
Jeal H, Draper A, Harris J, Taylor AN, Cullinan P, Jones M (2006) Modified Th2 responses at high dose exposure to allergen; using an occupational model. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 174(1):21–25
Gehlhar K, Schlaak M, Becker W, Bufe A (1999) Monitoring allergen immunotherapy of pollen-allergic patients: the ratio of allergen-specific IgG4 to IgG1 correlates with clinical outcome. Clin Exp Allergy 29:497–506
Jutel M, Akdis M, Budak F, Aebischer-Casaulta C, Wrzyszcz M, Blaser K et al (2003) IL-10 and TGF-beta cooperate in the regulatory T cell response to mucosal allergens in normal immunity and specific immunotherapy. Eur J Immunol 33:1205–1214
Nouri-Aria KT, Wachholz PA, Francis JN, Jacobson MR, Walker SM, Wilcock LK et al (2004) Grass pollen immunotherapy induces mucosal and peripheral IL-10 responses and blocking IgG activity. J Immunol 172:3252–3259
Djurup R, Osterballe O (1984) IgG subclass antibody response in grass pollen-allergic patients undergoing specific immunotherapy. Prognostic value of serum IgG subclass antibody levels early in immunotherapy. Allergy 39:433–441
Golden DB, Meyers DA, Kagey-Sobotka A, Valentine MD, Lichtenstein LM (1982) Clinical relevance of the venom-specific immunoglobulin G antibody level during immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 69:489–493
Daeron M, Malbec O, Latour S, Arock M, Fridman WH (1995) Regulation of high affinity IgE receptor-mediated mast cell activation by murine low-affinity IgG receptors. J Clin Invest 95:577–585
Daeron M (1997) Negative regulation of mast cell activation by receptors for IgG. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 113:138–141
Zhu D, Kepley CL, Zhang M, Zhang K, Saxon A (2002) A novel human immunoglobulin Fc gamma Fc epsilon bifunctional fusion protein inhibits Fc epsilon R1-mediated degranulation. Nat Med 8:518–521
Ball T, Sperr WR, Valent P, Lidholm J, Spitzauer S, Ebner C et al (1999) Induction of antibody responses to new B cell epitopes indicates vaccination character of allergen immunotherapy. Eur J Immunol 29:2026–2036
Wachholz PA, Durham SR (2003) Induction of ‘blocking’ IgG antibodies during immunotherapy. Clin Exp Allergy 33:1171–1174
Kemeny DM (1991) A practical guide to ELISA. Pergamon Press, Oxford
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Jones, M.G. (2019). Measurement of Specific IgG Anti-Fel d 1 Antibodies. In: Lympany, P., Jones, M. (eds) Allergy. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2020. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9591-2_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9591-2_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-9589-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-9591-2
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols