Abstract
In vitro assays using fluorescently tagged sugar residues can facilitate the characterization of glycosyltransferase function. Here we describe the use of in vitro assays to characterize the three glycosyltransferase modules of the protein designated WbbB from Klebsiella pneumoniae O12. This protein combines key activities necessary to synthesize the O antigenic polysaccharide portion of lipopolysaccharide. The specificities of the three glycosyltransferases were investigated in vitro, using purified proteins, the activated donor sugars (dTDP-Rha, UDP-GlcNAc and CMP-β-Kdo) and synthetic acceptors terminating in either α1,3-linked Rha or β1,4-linked GlcNAc. The reaction products were verified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance methods.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Clarke BR, Richards MR, Greenfield LK et al (2011) In vitro reconstruction of the chain termination reaction in biosynthesis of the Escherichia coli O9a O-polysaccharide: the chain-length regulator, WbdD, catalyzes the addition of methyl phosphate to the non-reducing terminus of the growing glycan. J Biol Chem 286:41391–41401
Ovchinnikova OG, Mallette E, Koizumi A et al (2016) Bacterial β-Kdo glycosyltransferases represent a new glycosyltransferase family (GT99). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113:3120–3129
Williams DM, Ovchinnikova OG, Koizumi A et al (2017) Single polysaccharide assembly protein that integrates polymerization, termination, and chain-length quality control. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114:E1215–E1223
Raetz CRH, Whitfield C (2002) Lipopolysaccharide endotoxins. Annu Rev Biochem 71:635–700
Whitfield C, Trent MS (2014) Biosynthesis and export of bacterial lipopolysaccharides. Annu Rev Biochem 83:99–128
Cress BF, Englaender JA, He W et al (2014) Masquerading microbial pathogens: capsular polysaccharides mimic host-tissue molecules. FEMS Microbiol Rev 38:660–697
Lerouge I, Vanderleyden J (2002) O-antigen structural variation: mechanisms and possible roles in animal/plant-microbe interactions. FEMS Microbiol Rev 26:17–47
Vinogradov E, Frirdich E, MacLean LL et al (2002) Structures of lipopolysaccharides from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Eluicidation of the structure of the linkage region between core and polysaccharide O chain and identification of the residues at the non-reducing termini of the O chains. J Biol Chem 277:25070–25081
Lombard V, Golaconda Ramulu H, Drula E et al (2014) The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013. Nucleic Acids Res 42:490–495
Graninger M, Nidetzky B, Heinrichs DE et al (1999) Characterization of dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-Epimerase and dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose Reductase, Required for dTDP-L-rhamnose Biosynthesis in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium LT2*. J Biol Chem 274:25069–25077
Acknowledgments
We thank Akihiko Koizumi, Iain L. Mainprize, Matthew S. Kimber, and Todd L. Lowary for their contributions to the projects originally published as refs. 2 and 3. This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. C.W. acknowledges additional support from the Canada Research Chairs program.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Williams, D.M., Ovchinnikova, O.G., Whitfield, C. (2019). In Vitro Characterization of a Multidomain Glycosyltransferase Using Fluorescently Tagged Synthetic Acceptors. In: Brockhausen, I. (eds) Bacterial Polysaccharides. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1954. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9154-9_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9154-9_19
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-9153-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-9154-9
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols