Abstract
One of the most important resources for researchers of noncoding RNAs is the information available in public databases spread over the internet. However, the effective exploration of this data can represent a daunting task, given the large amount of databases available and the variety of stored data. This chapter describes a classification of databases based on information source, type of RNA, source organisms, data formats, and the mechanisms for information retrieval, detailing the relevance of each of these classifications and its usability by researchers. This classification is used to update a 2012 review, indexing now more than 229 public databases. This review will include an assessment of the new trends for ncRNA research based on the information that is being offered by the databases. Additionally, we will expand the previous analysis focusing on the usability and application of these databases in pathogen and disease research. Finally, this chapter will analyze how currently available database schemas can help the development of new and improved web resources.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Djebali S, Davis CA, Merkel A et al (2012) Landscape of transcription in human cells. Nature 489(7414):101–108
Okazaki Y, Furuno M, Kasukawa T et al (2002) Analysis of the mouse transcriptome based on functional annotation of 60,770 full-length cDNAs. Nature 420(6915):563–573
Mattick JS (2010) The central role of RNA in the genetic programming of complex organisms. An Acad Bras Cienc 82(4):933–939
Arias-Carrasco R, Vásquez-Morán Y, Nakaya HI, Maracaja-Coutinho V (2018) StructRNAfinder: an automated pipeline and web server for RNA families prediction. BMC Bioinformatics 19(1):55
Esteller M (2011) Non-coding RNAs in human disease. Nat Rev Genet 12(12):861–874
Paschoal AR, Maracaja-Coutinho V, Setubal JC et al (2012) Non-coding transcription characterization and annotation: a guide and web resource for non-coding RNA databases. RNA Biol 9(3):274–282
Wang Y, Luo J, Zhang H, Lu J (2016) microRNAs in the same clusters evolve to coordinately regulate functionally related genes. Mol Biol Evol 33(9):2232–2247
Guo L, Liang T (2016) MicroRNAs and their variants in an RNA world: implications for complex interactions and diverse roles in an RNA regulatory network. Brief Bioinform 19(2):245–253
Piedade D, Azevedo-Pereira J (2016) The role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of Herpesvirus infection. Viruses 8(6):156
Kozomara A, Griffiths-Jones S (2014) miRBase: annotating high confidence microRNAs using deep sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res 42(D1):D68–D73
Aguiar RR, Ambrosio LA, Sepúlveda-Hermosilla G et al (2016) miRQuest: integration of tools on a Web server for microRNA research. Genet Mol Res 15(1):gmr6861. https://doi.org/10.4238/gmr.15016861
Orell A, Tripp V, Aliaga-Tobar V et al (2018) A regulatory RNA is involved in RNA duplex formation and biofilm regulation in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. Nucleic Acids Res 46(9):4794–4806
Matamala JM, Arias-Carrasco R, Sanchez C et al (2018) Genome-wide circulating microRNA expression profiling reveals potential biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurobiol Aging 64:123–138
Naslavsky MS, Yamamoto GL, de Almeida TF et al (2017) Exomic variants of an elderly cohort of Brazilians in the ABraOM database. Hum Mutat 38(7):751–763
Eyheramendy S, Martinez FI, Manevy F et al (2015) Genetic structure characterization of Chileans reflects historical immigration patterns. Nat Commun 6:6472
Brimacombe M, Hazbon M, Motiwala AS, Alland D (2007) Antibiotic resistance and Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism cluster grouping type in a multinational sample of resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51(11):4157–4159
Morin PA, Luikart G, Wayne RK et al (2004) SNPs in ecology, evolution and conservation. Trends Ecol Evol 19(4):208–216
Amaral PP, Leonardi T, Han N, Viré E et al (2018) Genomic positional conservation identifies topological anchor point RNAs linked to developmental loci. Genome Biol 19(1):32
Zhao Y, Li H, Fang S et al (2016) NONCODE 2016: an informative and valuable data source of long non-coding RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 44(D1):D203–D208
Amaral PP, Clark MB, Gascoigne DK et al (2011) lncRNAdb: a reference database for long noncoding RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 39:D146–D151
Korostowski L, Sedlak N, Engel N (2012) The Kcnq1ot1 long non-coding RNA affects chromatin conformation and expression of Kcnq1, but does not regulate its imprinting in the developing heart. PLoS Genet 8(9):e1002956
Wang J, Geng Z, Weng J et al (2016) Microarray analysis reveals a potential role of lncRNAs expression in cardiac cell proliferation. BMC Dev Biol 16(1):41
Holdt LM, Stahringer A, Sass K et al (2016) Circular non-coding RNA ANRIL modulates ribosomal RNA maturation and atherosclerosis in humans. Nat Commun 7:12429
Han P, Li W, Lin C-H et al (2014) A long noncoding RNA protects the heart from pathological hypertrophy. Nature 514(7520):102–106
Anastasiadou E, Jacob LS, Slack FJ (2018) Non-coding RNA networks in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 18(1):5–18
Qureshi IA, Mehler MF (2012) Emerging roles of non-coding RNAs in brain evolution, development, plasticity and disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 13(8):528–541
Pastori C, Wahlestedt C (2012) Involvement of long noncoding RNAs in diseases affecting the central nervous system. RNA Biol 9(6):860–870
Mehler MF, Mattick JS (2006) Non-coding RNAs in the nervous system. J Physiol 575(2):333–341
Salta E, De Strooper B (2012) Non-coding RNAs with essential roles in neurodegenerative disorders. Lancet Neurol 11(2):189–200
Sheinerman KS, Umansky SR (2013) Circulating cell-free microRNA as biomarkers for screening, diagnosis and monitoring of neurodegenerative diseases and other neurologic pathologies. Front Cell Neurosci 7:150
Tycowski KT, Guo YE, Lee N et al (2015) Viral noncoding RNAs: more surprises. Genes Dev 29(6):567–584
Torres F, Arias-Carrasco R, Caris-Maldonado JC et al (2017) LeishDB: a database of coding gene annotation and non-coding RNAs in Leishmania braziliensis. Database 2017:bax047
Hagan T, Nakaya HI, Subramaniam S, Pulendran B (2015) Systems vaccinology: enabling rational vaccine design with systems biological approaches. Vaccine 33(40):5294–5301
Delhalle S, Bode SFN, Balling R et al (2018) A roadmap towards personalized immunology. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 4:9
Leung RK-K, Wu Y-K (2015) Circulating microbial RNA and health. Sci Rep 5:16814
Kishikawa T, Otsuka M, Ohno M et al (2015) Circulating RNAs as new biomarkers for detecting pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 21(28):8527–8540
Woolfe A, Goode DK, Cooke J et al (2007) CONDOR: a database resource of developmentally associated conserved non-coding elements. BMC Dev Biol 7(1):100
Lee AP, Yang Y, Brenner S, Venkatesh B (2007) TFCONES: a database of vertebrate transcription factor-encoding genes and their associated conserved noncoding elements. BMC Genomics 8:441
Yang J-H, Shao P, Zhou H et al (2010) deepBase: a database for deeply annotating and mining deep sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res 38:D123–D130
Kin T, Yamada K, Terai G et al (2007) fRNAdb: a platform for mining/annotating functional RNA candidates from non-coding RNA sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 35:D145–D148
Szymanski M, Erdmann VA, Barciszewski J (2007) Noncoding RNAs database (ncRNAdb). Nucleic Acids Res 35:D162–D164
Zhang Y, Guan D-G, Yang J-H et al (2010) ncRNAimprint: a comprehensive database of mammalian imprinted noncoding RNAs. RNA 16(10):1889–1901
He S, Liu C, Skogerbo G et al (2007) NONCODE v2.0: decoding the non-coding. Nucleic Acids Res 36:D170–D172
Gardner PP, Daub J, Tate J et al (2011) Rfam: Wikipedia, clans and the “decimal” release. Nucleic Acids Res 39:D141–D145
Pang KC (2004) RNAdb--a comprehensive mammalian noncoding RNA database. Nucleic Acids Res 33:D125–D130
Zhou Y, Lu C, Wu Q-J, Wang Y, Sun Z-T, Deng J-C et al (2007) GISSD: Group I intron sequence and structure database. Nucleic Acids Res 36(Suppl 1):D31–D37
Dai L, Toor N, Olson R et al (2003) Database for mobile group II introns. Nucleic Acids Res 31(1):424–426
Dinger ME, Pang KC, Mercer TR et al (2009) NRED: a database of long noncoding RNA expression. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D122–D126
Friard O, Re A, Taverna D et al (2010) CircuitsDB: a database of mixed microRNA/transcription factor feed-forward regulatory circuits in human and mouse. BMC Bioinformatics 11:435
Maselli V, Di Bernardo D, Banfi S (2008) CoGemiR: a comparative genomics microRNA database. BMC Genomics 9:457
Yang Z, Ren F, Liu C et al (2010) dbDEMC: a database of differentially expressed miRNAs in human cancers. BMC Genomics 11(Suppl 4):S5
Hariharan M, Scaria V, Brahmachari SK (2009) dbSMR: a novel resource of genome-wide SNPs affecting microRNA mediated regulation. BMC Bioinformatics 10:108
Schmeier S, Schaefer U, MacPherson CR, Bajic VB (2011) dPORE-miRNA: polymorphic regulation of microRNA genes. PLoS One 6(2):e16657
Gamazon ER, Im H-K, Duan S et al (2010) Exprtarget: an integrative approach to predicting human microRNA targets. PLoS One 5(10):e13534
Lu M, Zhang Q, Deng M et al (2008) An analysis of human microRNA and disease associations. PLoS One 3(10):e3420
Gennarino VA, Sardiello M, Mutarelli M et al (2011) HOCTAR database: a unique resource for microRNA target prediction. Gene 480(1–2):51–58
Girijadevi R, Sreedevi VCS, Sreedharan JV, Pillai MR (2011) IntmiR: a complete catalogue of intronic miRNAs of human and mouse. Bioinformation 5(10):458–459
Kaya KD, Karakülah G, Yakicier CM et al (2011) mESAdb: microRNA expression and sequence analysis database. Nucleic Acids Res 39:D170–D180
Mhuantong W, Wichadakul D (2009) MicroPC (microPC): A comprehensive resource for predicting and comparing plant microRNAs. BMC Genomics 10:366
Betel D, Wilson M, Gabow A et al (2008) The microRNA.org resource: targets and expression. Nucleic Acids Res 36:D149–D153
Levy A, Sela N, Ast G (2008) TranspoGene and microTranspoGene: transposed elements influence on the transcriptome of seven vertebrates and invertebrates. Nucleic Acids Res 36:D47–D52
Ritchie W, Flamant S, Rasko JEJ (2010) mimiRNA: a microRNA expression profiler and classification resource designed to identify functional correlations between microRNAs and their targets. Bioinformatics 26(2):223–227
Le Béchec A, Portales-Casamar E, Vetter G et al (2011) MIR@NT@N: a framework integrating transcription factors, microRNAs and their targets to identify sub-network motifs in a meta-regulation network model. BMC Bioinformatics 12(1):67
Jiang Q, Wang Y, Hao Y et al (2009) miR2Disease: a manually curated database for microRNA deregulation in human disease. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D98–D104
Griffiths-Jones S, Saini HK, van Dongen S, Enright AJ (2008) miRBase: tools for microRNA genomics. Nucleic Acids Res 36:D154–D158
Wang X (2008) miRDB: a microRNA target prediction and functional annotation database with a wiki interface. RNA 14(6):1012–1017
Tokar T, Pastrello C, Rossos AEM et al (2017) mirDIP 4.1—integrative database of human microRNA target predictions. Nucleic Acids Res 46(D1):D360–D370
Xiao F, Zuo Z, Cai G et al (2009) miRecords: an integrated resource for microRNA-target interactions. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D105–D110
Barh D, Bhat D, Viero C (2010) miReg: a resource for microRNA regulation. J Integr Bioinform 7:1
Cho S, Jun Y, Lee S et al (2011) miRGator v2.0 : an integrated system for functional investigation of microRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 39:D158–D162
Alexiou P, Vergoulis T, Gleditzsch M et al (2009) miRGen 2.0: a database of microRNA genomic information and regulation. Nucleic Acids Res 38:D137–D141
Liu G, Ding M, Chen J et al (2010) Computational analysis of microRNA function in heart development. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin 42(9):662–670
Hsu S-D, Chu C-H, Tsou A-P et al (2007) miRNAMap 2.0: genomic maps of microRNAs in metazoan genomes. Nucleic Acids Res 36:D165–D169
Chiromatzo AO, Oliveira TYK, Pereira G et al (2007) miRNApath: a database of miRNAs, target genes and metabolic pathways. Genet Mol Res 6(4):859–865
Karali M, Peluso I, Gennarino VA et al (2010) miRNeye: a microRNA expression atlas of the mouse eye. BMC Genomics 11:715
Gerlach D, Kriventseva EV, Rahman N et al (2009) miROrtho: computational survey of microRNA genes. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D111–D117
Naeem H, Küffner R, Csaba G, Zimmer R (2010) miRSel: automated extraction of associations between microRNAs and genes from the biomedical literature. BMC Bioinformatics 11:135
Chou C-H, Shrestha S, Yang C-D et al (2018) miRTarBase update 2018: a resource for experimentally validated microRNA-target interactions. Nucleic Acids Res 46(D1):D296–D302
Bhartiya D, Laddha SV, Mukhopadhyay A, Scaria V (2011) miRvar: A comprehensive database for genomic variations in microRNAs. Hum Mutat 32(6):E2226–E2245
Dweep H, Sticht C, Pandey P, Gretz N (2011) miRWalk – Database: Prediction of possible miRNA binding sites by “walking” the genes of three genomes. J Biomed Inform 44(5):839–847
Bazzini AA, Asís R, González V et al (2010) miSolRNA: A tomato micro RNA relational database. BMC Plant Biol 10:240
Preusse M, Theis FJ, Mueller NS (2016) miTALOS v2: analyzing tissue specific microRNA function. PLoS One 11(3):e0151771
Tacutu R, Budovsky A, Fraifeld VE (2010) The NetAge database: a compendium of networks for longevity, age-related diseases and associated processes. Biogerontology 11(4):513–522
Hiard S, Charlier C, Coppieters W et al (2010) Patrocles: a database of polymorphic miRNA-mediated gene regulation in vertebrates. Nucleic Acids Res 38:D640–D651
Ruepp A, Kowarsch A, Schmidl D et al (2010) PhenomiR: a knowledgebase for microRNA expression in diseases and biological processes. Genome Biol 11(1):R6
Meng Y, Gou L, Chen D et al (2011) PmiRKB: a plant microRNA knowledge base. Nucleic Acids Res 39:D181–D187
Cui X, Wang Q, Yin W et al (2012) PMRD: a curated database for genes and mutants involved in plant male reproduction. BMC Plant Biol 12:215
Ziebarth JD, Bhattacharya A, Chen A, Cui Y (2011) PolymiRTS Database 2.0: linking polymorphisms in microRNA target sites with human diseases and complex traits. Nucleic Acids Res 40(D1):D216–D221
Bandyopadhyay S, Bhattacharyya M (2010) PuTmiR: a database for extracting neighboring transcription factors of human microRNAs. BMC Bioinformatics 11:190
Elefant N, Berger A, Shein H (2011) RepTar: a database of predicted cellular targets of host and viral miRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 39:D188–D194
Sarver AL, Phalak R, Thayanithy V, Subramanian S (2010) S-MED: sarcoma microRNA expression database. Lab Investig 90(5):753–761
Yang J-H, Li J-H, Shao P (2010) starBase: a database for exploring microRNA–mRNA interaction maps from Argonaute CLIP-Seq and Degradome-Seq data. Nucleic Acids Res 39:D202–D209
Papadopoulos GL, Reczko M, Simossis VA et al (2009) The database of experimentally supported targets: a functional update of TarBase. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D155–D158
Wang J, Lu M, Qiu C, Cui Q (2010) TransmiR: a transcription factor-microRNA regulation database. Nucleic Acids Res 38:D119–D122
Taccioli C, Fabbri E, Visone R et al (2009) UCbase & miRfunc: a database of ultraconserved sequences and microRNA function. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D41–D48
Li S-C, Chan W-C, Hu L-Y et al (2010) Identification of homologous microRNAs in 56 animal genomes. Genomics 96(1):1–9
Yin Y, Zhao Y, Wang J et al (2007) antiCODE: a natural sense-antisense transcripts database. BMC Bioinformatics 8:319
Zhang Y, Li J, Kong L et al (2007) NATsDB: Natural Antisense Transcripts DataBase. Nucleic Acids Res 35:D156–D161
Li J-T, Zhang Y, Kong L et al (2008) Trans-natural antisense transcripts including noncoding RNAs in 10 species: implications for expression regulation. Nucleic Acids Res 36(15):4833–4844
Wu T, Wang J, Liu C et al (2006) NPInter: the noncoding RNAs and protein related biomacromolecules interaction database. Nucleic Acids Res 34:D150–D152
Sai Lakshmi S, Agrawal S (2008) piRNABank: a web resource on classified and clustered Piwi-interacting RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 36:D173–D177
Brown JW (1997) The ribonuclease P database. Nucleic Acids Res 25(1):263–264
Truss M, Swat M, Kielbasa SM et al (2005) HuSiDa--the human siRNA database: an open-access database for published functional siRNA sequences and technical details of efficient transfer into recipient cells. Nucleic Acids Res 33:D108–D111
Ren Y, Gong W, Zhou H et al (2009) siRecords: a database of mammalian RNAi experiments and efficacies. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D146–D149
Chalk AM, Warfinge RE, Georgii-Hemming P, Sonnhammer ELL (2005) siRNAdb: a database of siRNA sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 33:D131–D134
Gustafson AM, Allen E, Givan S (2005) ASRP: the Arabidopsis Small RNA Project Database. Nucleic Acids Res 33:D637–D640
Matuszek G, Talebizadeh Z (2009) Autism Genetic Database (AGD): a comprehensive database including autism susceptibility gene-CNVs integrated with known noncoding RNAs and fragile sites. BMC Med Genet 10:102
Molnár A, Schwach F, Studholme DJ (2007) miRNAs control gene expression in the single-cell alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Nature 447(7148):1126–1129
Johnson C, Bowman L, Adai AT (2007) CSRDB: a small RNA integrated database and browser resource for cereals. Nucleic Acids Res 35:D829–D833
Landgraf P, Rusu M, Sheridan R et al (2007) A mammalian microRNA expression atlas based on small RNA library sequencing. Cell 129(7):1401–1414
Huang H-Y, Chang H-Y, Chou C-H et al (2009) sRNAMap: genomic maps for small non-coding RNAs, their regulators and their targets in microbial genomes. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D150–D154
Cao Y, Wu J, Liu Q et al (2010) sRNATarBase: a comprehensive database of bacterial sRNA targets verified by experiments. RNA 16(11):2051–2057
Fei Z, Joung J-G, Tang X et al (2011) Tomato Functional Genomics Database: a comprehensive resource and analysis package for tomato functional genomics. Nucleic Acids Res 39:D1156–D1163
Xie J, Zhang M, Zhou T et al (2007) Sno/scaRNAbase: a curated database for small nucleolar RNAs and cajal body-specific RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 35:D183–D187
Lestrade L (2006) snoRNA-LBME-db, a comprehensive database of human H/ACA and C/D box snoRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 34:D158–D162
Dennis PP, Omer A, Lowe T (2001) A guided tour: small RNA function in Archaea. Mol Microbiol 40(3):509–519
Brown JWS (2003) Plant snoRNA database. Nucleic Acids Res 31(1):432–435
Ellis JC, Brown DD, Brown JW (2010) The small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) database. RNA 16(4):664–666
Alioto TS (2007) U12DB: a database of orthologous U12-type spliceosomal introns. Nucleic Acids Res 35:D110–D115
Piekna-Przybylska D, Decatur WA, Fournier MJ (2007) New bioinformatic tools for analysis of nucleotide modifications in eukaryotic rRNA. RNA 13(3):305–312
Andersen ES, Rosenblad MA, Larsen N et al (2006) The tmRDB and SRPDB resources. Nucleic Acids Res 34:D163–D168
Xin Y, Olson WK (2009) BPS: a database of RNA base-pair structures. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D83–D88
Löwes B, Chauve C, Ponty Y, Giegerich R (2016) The BRaliBase dent—a tale of benchmark design and interpretation. Brief Bioinform 2016:bbw022
Cannone JJ, Subramanian S, Schnare MN et al (2002) The comparative RNA web (CRW) site: an online database of comparative sequence and structure information for ribosomal, intron, and other RNAs. BMC Bioinformatics 3:2
Stefan LR, Zhang R, Levitan AG et al (2006) MeRNA: a database of metal ion binding sites in RNA structures. Nucleic Acids Res 34:D131–D134
Nagaswamy U, Larios-Sanz M, Hury J et al (2002) NCIR: a database of non-canonical interactions in known RNA structures. Nucleic Acids Res 30(1):395–397
Turner DH, Mathews DH (2010) NNDB: the nearest neighbor parameter database for predicting stability of nucleic acid secondary structure. Nucleic Acids Res 38:D280–D282
Taufer M, Licon A, Araiza R et al (2009) PseudoBase++: an extension of PseudoBase for easy searching, formatting and visualization of pseudoknots. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D127–D135
Popenda M, Błażewicz M, Szachniuk M, Adamiak RW (2007) RNA FRABASE version 1.0: an engine with a database to search for the three-dimensional fragments within RNA structures. Nucleic Acids Res 36:D386–D391
Andronescu M, Bereg V, Hoos HH, Condon A (2008) RNA STRAND: the RNA secondary structure and statistical analysis database. BMC Bioinformatics 9:340
Bindewald E, Hayes R, Yingling YG et al (2008) RNAJunction: a database of RNA junctions and kissing loops for three-dimensional structural analysis and nanodesign. Nucleic Acids Res 36:D392–D397
Klosterman PS, Tamura M, Holbrook SR, Brenner SE (2002) SCOR: a Structural Classification of RNA database. Nucleic Acids Res 30(1):392–394
Podlevsky JD, Bley CJ, Omana RV et al (2007) The telomerase database. Nucleic Acids Res 36:D339–D343
Casper J, Zweig AS, Villarreal C et al (2018) The UCSC Genome Browser database: 2018 update. Nucleic Acids Res 46(D1):D762–D769
Mestdagh P, Lefever S, Pattyn F et al (2011) The microRNA body map: dissecting microRNA function through integrative genomics. Nucleic Acids Res 39(20):e136
Kao S, Shiau C-K, Gu D-L et al (2012) IGDB.NSCLC: integrated genomic database of non-small cell lung cancer. Nucleic Acids Res 40:D972–D977
Zorc M, Skok DJ, Godnic I et al (2012) Catalog of microRNA seed polymorphisms in vertebrates. PLoS One 7(1):e30737
Kiezun A, Artzi S, Modai S (2012) miRviewer: a multispecies microRNA homologous viewer. BMC Res Notes 5:92
Yang Q, Qiu C, Yang J et al (2011) miREnvironment database: providing a bridge for microRNAs, environmental factors and phenotypes. Bioinformatics 27(23):3329–3330
Ott A, Idali A, Marchais A, Gautheret D (2012) NAPP: the Nucleic Acid Phylogenetic Profile Database. Nucleic Acids Res 40:D205–D209
Chen D, Yuan C, Zhang J et al (2012) PlantNATsDB: a comprehensive database of plant natural antisense transcripts. Nucleic Acids Res 40:D1187–D1193
Blin K, Dieterich C, Wurmus R et al (2014) DoRiNA 2.0—upgrading the doRiNA database of RNA interactions in post-transcriptional regulation. Nucleic Acids Res 43(D1):D160–D167
Ganguli S, Mitra S, Datta A (2011) Antagomirbase- a putative antagomir database. Bioinformation 7(1):41–43
Rukov JL, Wilentzik R, Jaffe I et al (2014) Pharmaco-miR: linking microRNAs and drug effects. Brief Bioinform 15(4):648–659
Jin J, Liu J, Wang H et al (2013) PLncDB: plant long non-coding RNA database. Bioinformatics 29(8):1068–1071
Volders PJ, Verheggen K, Menschaert G et al (2015) An update on LNCipedia: a database for annotated human lncRNA sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 43(8):4363–4364
Privitera AP, Distefano R, Wefer HA et al (2015) OCDB: a database collecting genes, miRNAs and drugs for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Database 2015:bav069
Bruno AE, Li L, Kalabus JL et al (2012) miRdSNP: a database of disease-associated SNPs and microRNA target sites on 3’UTRs of human genes. BMC Genomics 13:44
Bhattacharya A, Cui Y (2015) SomamiR 2.0: a database of cancer somatic mutations altering microRNA–ceRNA interactions. Nucleic Acids Res 44(D1):D1005–D1010
Chen G, Wang Z, Wang D et al (2013) LncRNADisease: a database for long-non-coding RNA-associated diseases. Nucleic Acids Res 41:D983–D986
Russo F, Di Bella S, Nigita G et al (2012) miRandola: extracellular circulating microRNAs database. PLoS One 7(10):e47786
Bhartiya D, Pal K, Ghosh S et al (2013) lncRNome: a comprehensive knowledgebase of human long noncoding RNAs. Database 2013:bat034
Schmidt EE, Pelz O, Buhlmann S et al (2013) GenomeRNAi: a database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes, 2013 update. Nucleic Acids Res 41:D1021–D1026
Bielewicz D, Dolata J, Zielezinski A et al (2012) mirEX: a platform for comparative exploration of plant pri-miRNA expression data. Nucleic Acids Res 40:D191–D197
Liu H, Jin T, Liao R, Wan L, Xu B, Zhou S et al (2012) miRFANs: an integrated database for Arabidopsis thaliana microRNA function annotations. BMC Plant Biol 12:68
Pischimarov J, Kuenne C, Billion A et al (2012) sRNAdb: a small non-coding RNA database for gram-positive bacteria. BMC Genomics 13:384
Reyes D, Cepeda V, González R, Vidal R (2012) Ssa miRNAs DB: Online repository of in silico predicted miRNAs in Salmo salar. Bioinformation 8(6):284–286
Niazi F, Valadkhan S (2012) Computational analysis of functional long noncoding RNAs reveals lack of peptide-coding capacity and parallels with 3’ UTRs. RNA 18(4):825–843
Dimitrieva S, Bucher P (2013) UCNEbase--a database of ultraconserved non-coding elements and genomic regulatory blocks. Nucleic Acids Res 41:D101–D109
Kim H, Park S, Min H, Yoon S (2012) vHoT: a database for predicting interspecies interactions between viral microRNA and host genomes. Arch Virol 157(3):497–501
Cheng W-C, Chung I-F, Huang T-S et al (2013) YM500: a small RNA sequencing (smRNA-seq) database for microRNA research. Nucleic Acids Res 41:D285–D294
Xie B, Ding Q, Han H, Wu D (2013) miRCancer: a microRNA-cancer association database constructed by text mining on literature. Bioinformatics 29(5):638–644
Xu J, Li Y-H (2012) miRDeathDB: a database bridging microRNAs and the programmed cell death. Cell Death Differ 19(9):1571
Vlachos IS, Kostoulas N, Vergoulis T et al (2012) DIANA miRPath v.2.0: investigating the combinatorial effect of microRNAs in pathways. Nucleic Acids Res 40(W1):W498–W504
Paraskevopoulou MD, Vlachos IS, Karagkouni D et al (2016) DIANA-LncBase v2: indexing microRNA targets on non-coding transcripts. Nucleic Acids Res 44(D1):D231–D238
Mitra S, Das S, Das S et al (2012) HNOCDB: a comprehensive database of genes and miRNAs relevant to head and neck and oral cancer. Oral Oncol 48(2):117–119
Piriyapongsa J, Bootchai C, Ngamphiw C, Tongsima S (2012) microPIR: an integrated database of microRNA target sites within human promoter sequences. PLoS One 7(3):e33888
Laganà A, Paone A, Veneziano D et al (2012) miR-EdiTar: a database of predicted A-to-I edited miRNA target sites. Bioinformatics 28(23):3166–3168
Bülow L, Bolívar JC, Ruhe J et al (2012) “MicroRNA Targets”, a new AthaMap web-tool for genome-wide identification of miRNA targets in Arabidopsis thaliana. BioData Min 5(1):7
Mazur S, Csucs G, Kozak K (2012) RNAiAtlas: a database for RNAi (siRNA) libraries and their specificity. Database 2012:bas027
Dietzl G, Chen D, Schnorrer F et al (2007) A genome-wide transgenic RNAi library for conditional gene inactivation in Drosophila. Nature 448(7150):151–156
Thakur N, Qureshi A, Kumar M (2012) VIRsiRNAdb: a curated database of experimentally validated viral siRNA/shRNA. Nucleic Acids Res 40:D230–D236
Chan PP, Lowe TM (2009) GtRNAdb: a database of transfer RNA genes detected in genomic sequence. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D93–D97
Williams KP, Bartel DP (1998) The tmRNA Website. Nucleic Acids Res 26(1):163–165
Yoshihama M, Nakao A, Kenmochi N (2013) snOPY: a small nucleolar RNA orthological gene database. BMC Res Notes 6:426
Jühling F, Mörl M, Hartmann RK et al (2009) tRNAdb 2009: compilation of tRNA sequences and tRNA genes. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D159–D162
Karakülah G, Yücebilgili Kurtoğlu K, Unver T (2016) PeTMbase: A Database of Plant Endogenous Target Mimics (eTMs). PLoS One 11(12):e0167698
Zhou B, Zhao H, Yu J et al (2018) EVLncRNAs: a manually curated database for long non-coding RNAs validated by low-throughput experiments. Nucleic Acids Res 46(D1):D100–D105
Mas-Ponte D, Carlevaro-Fita J, Palumbo E et al (2017) LncATLAS database for subcellular localization of long noncoding RNAs. RNA 23(7):1080–1087
Müller R, Weirick T, John D et al (2016) ANGIOGENES: knowledge database for protein-coding and noncoding RNA genes in endothelial cells. Sci Rep 6:32475
Liu C-J, Gao C, Ma Z et al (2017) lncRInter: a database of experimentally validated long non-coding RNA interaction. J Genet Genomics 44(5):265–268
Zhou Q-Z, Zhang B, Yu Q-Y, Zhang Z (2016) BmncRNAdb: a comprehensive database of non-coding RNAs in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. BMC Bioinformatics 17(1):370
Ning S, Yue M, Wang P et al (2016) LincSNP 2.0: an updated database for linking disease-associated SNPs to human long non-coding RNAs and their TFBSs. Nucleic Acids Res 45(D1):D74–D78
Chen X, Sun Y-Z, Zhang D-H et al (2017) NRDTD: a database for clinically or experimentally supported non-coding RNAs and drug targets associations. Database 2017:bax057
Liu M, Yang Y-CT, Xu G et al (2016) CCG: an integrative resource of cancer protein-coding genes and long noncoding RNAs. Discov Med 22(123):351–359
Wang J, Cao Y, Zhang H et al (2017) NSDNA: a manually curated database of experimentally supported ncRNAs associated with nervous system diseases. Nucleic Acids Res 45(D1):D902–D907
Paytuví Gallart A, Hermoso Pulido A, Anzar Martínez de Lagrán I et al (2016) GREENC: a Wiki-based database of plant lncRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 44(D1):D1161–D1166
Gong J, Liu C, Liu W et al (2017) LNCediting: a database for functional effects of RNA editing in lncRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 45(D1):D79–D84
Lefever S, Anckaert J, Volders P-J et al (2017) decodeRNA- predicting non-coding RNA functions using guilt-by-association. Database 2017:bax042
Miao Y-R, Liu W, Zhang Q, Guo A-Y (2018) lncRNASNP2: an updated database of functional SNPs and mutations in human and mouse lncRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 46(D1):D276–D280
Zhi H, Li X, Wang P et al (2018) Lnc2Meth: a manually curated database of regulatory relationships between long non-coding RNAs and DNA methylation associated with human disease. Nucleic Acids Res 46(D1):D133–D138
Boccaletto P, Magnus M, Almeida C et al (2017) RNArchitecture: a database and a classification system of RNA families, with a focus on structural information. Nucleic Acids Res 46(D1):D202–D205
Sassi M, Augagneur Y, Mauro T et al (2015) SRD: a Staphylococcus regulatory RNA database. RNA 21(5):1005–1017
Rosenkranz D (2016) piRNA cluster database: a web resource for piRNA producing loci. Nucleic Acids Res 44(D1):D223–D230
Lee LW, Zhang S, Etheridge A et al (2010) Complexity of the microRNA repertoire revealed by next-generation sequencing. RNA 16(11):2170–2180
Huang Y, Wang L, Zan L-S (2016) ARN: Analysis and Visualization System for adipogenic regulation network information. Sci Rep 6:39347
Szcześniak MW, Rosikiewicz W, Makałowska I (2016) CANTATAdb: A collection of plant long non-coding RNAs. Plant Cell Physiol 57(1):e8
Subhra Das S, James M, Paul S, Chakravorty N (2017) miRnalyze: an interactive database linking tool to unlock intuitive microRNA regulation of cell signaling pathways. Database 2017:bax015
Chorostecki U, Palatnik JF (2014) comTAR: a web tool for the prediction and characterization of conserved microRNA targets in plants. Bioinformatics 30(14):2066–2067
Mennigen JA, Zhang D (2016) MicroTrout: a comprehensive, genome-wide miRNA target prediction framework for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics 20:19–26
Pio G, Ceci M, Malerba D, D’Elia D (2015) ComiRNet: a web-based system for the analysis of miRNA-gene regulatory networks. BMC Bioinformatics 16(Suppl 9):S7
Luk AC-S, Gao H, Xiao S et al (2015) GermlncRNA: a unique catalogue of long non-coding RNAs and associated regulations in male germ cell development. Database 2015:bav044
Chien C-H, Chiang-Hsieh Y-F, Chen Y-A et al (2015) AtmiRNET: a web-based resource for reconstructing regulatory networks of Arabidopsis microRNAs. Database 2015:bav042
Sarver AL, Subramanian S (2012) Competing endogenous RNA database. Bioinformation 8(15):731–733
Zhang C, Li G, Zhu S et al (2014) tasiRNAdb: a database of ta-siRNA regulatory pathways. Bioinformatics 30(7):1045–1046
Giles CB, Girija-Devi R, Dozmorov MG, Wren JD (2013) mirCoX: a database of miRNA-mRNA expression correlations derived from RNA-seq meta-analysis. BMC Bioinformatics 14(Suppl 14):S17
Szcześniak MW, Kabza M, Pokrzywa R et al (2013) ERISdb: a database of plant splice sites and splicing signals. Plant Cell Physiol 54(2):e10
Meng F, Wang J, Dai E et al (2016) Psmir: a database of potential associations between small molecules and miRNAs. Sci Rep 6:19264
Schuster A, Tang C, Xie Y (2016) SpermBase: a database for Sperm-Borne RNA contents. Biol Reprod 95(5):99
Wang P, Zhi H, Zhang Y et al (2015) miRSponge: a manually curated database for experimentally supported miRNA sponges and ceRNAs. Database 2015:bav098
Andrés-León E, González Peña D, Gómez-López G, Pisano DG (2015) miRGate: a curated database of human, mouse and rat miRNA-mRNA targets. Database 2015:bav035
Szcześniak MW, Makałowska I (2013) miRNEST 2.0: a database of plant and animal microRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 42(D1):D74–D77
The RNAcentral Consortium (2016) RNAcentral: a comprehensive database of non-coding RNA sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 45(D1):D128–D134
Lazzari B, Caprera A, Cestaro A et al (2009) Ontology-oriented retrieval of putative microRNAs in Vitis vinifera via GrapeMiRNA: a web database of de novo predicted grape microRNAs. BMC Plant Biol 9:82
Liu W-T, Yang C-C, Chen R-K et al (2016) RiceATM: a platform for identifying the association between rice agronomic traits and miRNA expression. Database 2016:baw151
Gong J, Liu C, Liu W et al (2015) An update of miRNASNP database for better SNP selection by GWAS data, miRNA expression and online tools. Database 2015:bav029
Khurana R, Verma VK, Rawoof A et al (2014) OncomiRdbB: a comprehensive database of microRNAs and their targets in breast cancer. BMC Bioinformatics 15:15
Agarwal SM, Raghav D, Singh H, Raghava GPS (2011) CCDB: a curated database of genes involved in cervix cancer. Nucleic Acids Res 39:D975–D979
Yi X, Zhang Z, Ling Y et al (2015) PNRD: a plant non-coding RNA database. Nucleic Acids Res 43:D982–D989
Hsu PW-C, Lin L-Z, Hsu S-D et al (2007) ViTa: prediction of host microRNAs targets on viruses. Nucleic Acids Res 35:D381–D385
Barupal JK, Saini AK, Chand T et al (2015) ExcellmiRDB for translational genomics: a curated online resource for extracellular microRNAs. OMICS 19(1):24–30
Ramana J (2012) RCDB: Renal Cancer Gene Database. BMC Res 5:246
Liu Y-C, Li J-R, Sun C-H et al (2016) CircNet: a database of circular RNAs derived from transcriptome sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res 44(D1):D209–D215
Wei G, Qin S, Li W et al (2015) MDTE DB: a database for microRNAs derived from Transposable element. IEEE/ACM Trans Comput Biol Bioinform 3(6):1155–1160
Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH, Arefian E, Lau P (2018) miRandb: a resource of online services for miRNA research. Brief Bioinform 19(2):254–262
Kumar A, Wong AK-L, Tizard ML et al (2012) miRNA_Targets: a database for miRNA target predictions in coding and non-coding regions of mRNAs. Genomics 100(6):352–356
Olejniczak M, Galka-Marciniak P, Polak K et al (2012) RNAimmuno: a database of the nonspecific immunological effects of RNA interference and microRNA reagents. RNA 18(5):930–935
Guo L, Du Y, Qu S, Wang J (2016) rVarBase: an updated database for regulatory features of human variants. Nucleic Acids Res 44(D1):D888–D893
Xu Y, Yang H, Wu T et al (2017) BioM2MetDisease: a manually curated database for associations between microRNAs, metabolites, small molecules and metabolic diseases. Database 2017:bax037
Gurjar AKS, Panwar AS, Gupta R, Mantri SS (2016) PmiRExAt: plant miRNA expression atlas database and web applications. Database 2016:baw060
Prabahar A, Natarajan J (2017) ImmunemiR – A Database of Prioritized Immune miRNA Disease Associations and its Interactome. Microrna 6(1):71–78
Backes C, Kehl T, Stöckel D et al (2017) miRPathDB: a new dictionary on microRNAs and target pathways. Nucleic Acids Res 45(D1):D90–D96
Dai E, Yu X, Zhang Y et al (2014) EpimiR: a database of curated mutual regulation between miRNAs and epigenetic modifications. Database 2014:bau023
Wang Y-Y, Chen W-H, Xiao P-P et al (2017) GEAR: A database of Genomic Elements Associated with drug Resistance. Sci Rep 7:44085
Wu W-S, Tu B-W, Chen T-T et al (2017) CSmiRTar: Condition-Specific microRNA targets database. PLoS One 12(7):e0181231
Liu X, Wang S, Meng F et al (2013) SM2miR: a database of the experimentally validated small molecules’ effects on microRNA expression. Bioinformatics 29(3):409–411
Mooney C, Becker BA, Raoof R, Henshall DC (2016) EpimiRBase: a comprehensive database of microRNA-epilepsy associations. Bioinformatics 32(9):1436–1438
An O, Dall’Olio GM, Mourikis TP, Ciccarelli FD (2015) NCG 5.0: updates of a manually curated repository of cancer genes and associated properties from cancer mutational screenings. Nucleic Acids Res 44(D1):D992–D999
Olson A, Sheth N, Lee JS et al (2006) RNAi Codex: a portal/database for short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) gene-silencing constructs. Nucleic Acids Res 34:D153–D157
Tian T, You Q, Zhang L et al (2016) SorghumFDB: sorghum functional genomics database with multidimensional network analysis. Database 2016:baw099
Ning S, Zhang J, Wang P et al (2016) Lnc2Cancer: a manually curated database of experimentally supported lncRNAs associated with various human cancers. Nucleic Acids Res 44(D1):D980–D985
Zhang Y, Zang Q, Xu B et al (2016) IsomiR Bank: a research resource for tracking IsomiRs. Bioinformatics 32(13):2069–2071
Wang S, Li W, Lian B et al (2015) TMREC: A database of transcription factor and miRNA regulatory cascades in human diseases. PLoS One 10(5):e0125222
Leung YY, Kuksa PP, Amlie-Wolf A et al (2016) DASHR: database of small human noncoding RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 44(D1):D216–D222
Rennie W, Kanoria S, Liu C et al (2016) STarMirDB: A database of microRNA binding sites. RNA Biol 13(6):554–560
Das S, Ghosal S, Sen R, Chakrabarti J (2014) lnCeDB: database of human long noncoding RNA acting as competing endogenous RNA. PLoS One 9(6):e98965
Yang H, Shang D, Xu Y et al (2017) The lncRNA connectivity map: using lncRNA signatures to connect small molecules, lncRNAs, and diseases. Sci Rep 7(1):6655
Panwar B, Omenn GS, Guan Y (2017) miRmine: a database of human miRNA expression profiles. Bioinformatics 33(10):1554–1560
Xu J, Bai J, Zhang X et al (2017) A comprehensive overview of lncRNA annotation resources. Brief Bioinform 18(2):236–249
Pylro VS, Oliveira FS, Morais DK et al (2016) ZIKV – CDB: A collaborative database to guide research linking sncRNAs and ZIKA virus disease symptoms. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 10(6):e0004817
Li S, Li Y, Chen B et al (2017) exoRBase: a database of circRNA, lncRNA and mRNA in human blood exosomes. Nucleic Acids Res 46(D1):D106–D112
Mathivanan S, Simpson RJ (2009) ExoCarta: A compendium of exosomal proteins and RNA. Proteomics 9(21):4997–5000
Ghosal S, Das S, Sen R et al (2013) Circ2Traits: a comprehensive database for circular RNA potentially associated with disease and traits. Front Genet 4:283
Li S-C, Shiau C-K, Lin W-C (2008) Vir-Mir db: prediction of viral microRNA candidate hairpins. Nucleic Acids Res 36:D184–D189
Qureshi A, Thakur N, Monga I et al (2014) VIRmiRNA: a comprehensive resource for experimentally validated viral miRNAs and their targets. Database 2014:bau103
Li Y, Wang C, Miao Z et al (2014) ViRBase: a resource for virus–host ncRNA-associated interactions. Nucleic Acids Res 43(D1):D578–D582
Cui T, Zhang L, Huang Y et al (2017) MNDR v2.0: an updated resource of ncRNA–disease associations in mammals. Nucleic Acids Res 46(D1):D371–D374
Zhou K-R, Liu S, Sun W-J et al (2016) ChIPBase v2.0: decoding transcriptional regulatory networks of non-coding RNAs and protein-coding genes from ChIP-seq data. Nucleic Acids Res 45(D1):D43–D50
Lagana A, Forte S, Giudice A et al (2009) miRo: a miRNA knowledge base. Database 2009:bap008
Li J, Lei K, Wu Z et al (2016) Network-based identification of microRNAs as potential pharmacogenomic biomarkers for anticancer drugs. Oncotarget 7(29):45584–45596
Shen Y, Yao H, Li A, Wang M (2016) CSCdb: a cancer stem cells portal for markers, related genes and functional information. Database 2016:baw023
Schmitz U, Lai X, Winter F, Wolkenhauer O, Vera J, Gupta S (2016) Cooperative gene regulation by microRNA pairs and their identification using a computational workflow. Nucleic Acids Res 42(12):7539–7552
Acknowledgments
VMC was funded by grants from Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT): grants FONDECYT (11161020), PAI (PAI79170021), and FONDAP (15130011), Chile. ARP was funded by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), grant 00454505/2014-0, Brazil. AMD was funded by CNPq (309566/20150) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) (25/2013), Brazil.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Maracaja-Coutinho, V., Paschoal, A.R., Caris-Maldonado, J.C., Borges, P.V., Ferreira, A.J., Durham, A.M. (2019). Noncoding RNAs Databases: Current Status and Trends. In: Lai, X., Gupta, S., Vera, J. (eds) Computational Biology of Non-Coding RNA. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1912. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8982-9_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8982-9_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-8981-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-8982-9
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols