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ncRNAs in Inflammatory and Infectious Diseases

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Computational Biology of Non-Coding RNA

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1912))

Abstract

Inflammatory and infectious diseases are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inflammation is central to maintenance of organismal homeostasis upon infection, tissue damage, and malignancy. It occurs transiently in response to diverse stimuli (e.g., physical, radioactive, infective, pro-allergenic, or toxic), and in some cases may manifest itself in chronic diseases. To limit the potentially deleterious effects of acute or chronic inflammatory responses, complex transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulatory networks have evolved, often involving nonprotein-coding RNAs (ncRNA). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of posttranscriptional regulators that control mRNA translation and stability. Long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) are a very diverse group of transcripts >200 nt, functioning among others as scaffolds or decoys both in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. By now, it is well established that miRNAs and lncRNAs are implicated in all major cellular processes including control of cell death, proliferation, or metabolism. Extensive research over the last years furthermore revealed a fundamental role of ncRNAs in pathogen recognition and inflammatory responses. This chapter reviews and summarizes the current knowledge on regulatory ncRNA networks in infection and inflammation.

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Acknowledgments

We thank many collaborators for fruitful discussion, especially Annalisa Marsico, Julio Vera Gonzales, Martin Vingron, and Xin Lai. Part of this work has been funded by BMBF (ERACoSysMed2 SysMed-COPD—FKZ 031L0140, JPIAMR Pneumo-AMR-Protect—FKZ 01KI1702, e:Med CAPSYS—FKZ 01X1304E/01ZX1304F), DFG (SFB/TR-84), and LOEWE (LOEWE Medical RNomics—FKZ 519/03/00.001-(0003)) to B.S. and by von Behring-Röntgen-Stiftung (vBR project 63-0036), DFG (SFB/TR-84) and Forschungsförderfonds, Philipps Universität Marburg, to L.N.S. We would like to apologize to all colleagues whose excellent contributions to the field could not be included in this text due to space constraints.

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  1. Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany

    Leon N. Schulte, Wilhelm Bertrams, Christina Stielow & Bernd Schmeck

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  1. Leon N. Schulte
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  2. Wilhelm Bertrams
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  3. Christina Stielow
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  4. Bernd Schmeck
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Correspondence to Bernd Schmeck .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany

    Xin Lai

  2. Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany

    Shailendra K. Gupta

  3. Department of Dermatology, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany

    Julio Vera

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Schulte, L.N., Bertrams, W., Stielow, C., Schmeck, B. (2019). ncRNAs in Inflammatory and Infectious Diseases. In: Lai, X., Gupta, S., Vera, J. (eds) Computational Biology of Non-Coding RNA. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1912. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8982-9_1

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