Abstract
Ultrasound and microbubble-mediated disruption of the Blood-Brain barrier is a noninvasive and targetable technique that permits the investigation of pharmacological interventions in the brain and CNS. This technique provides an alternative to direct injection of agents into the brain parenchyma or chemical disruption of the Blood-Brain barrier. Here, we detail one protocol for inducing transient Blood-Brain barrier disruption in a rodent model using a commercially available microbubble contrast agent (Definity).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Reese T, Karnovsky MJ (1967) Fine structural localization of a blood-brain barrier to exogenous peroxidase. J Cell Biol 34(1):207–217
Pardridge WM (1995) Transport of small molecules through the blood-brain barrier: biology and methodology. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 15(1):5–36
Salahuddin TS, Johansson BB, Kalimo H, Olsson Y (1988) Structural changes in the rat brain after carotid infusions of hyperosmolar solutions. An electron microscopic study. Acta Neuropathol 77(1):5–13
Lidar Z, Mardor Y, Jonas T, Pfeffer R, Faibel M, Nass D, Hadani M, Ram Z (2004) Convection-enhanced delivery of paclitaxel for the treatment of recurrent malignant glioma: a phase i/ii clinical study. J Neurosurg 100(3):472–479
Kunwar S, Chang S, Westphal M, Vogelbaum M, Sampson J, Barnett G, Shaffrey M, Ram Z, Piepmeier J, Prados M et al (2010) Phase iii randomized trial of ced of il13-pe38qqr vs gliadel wafers for recurrent glioblastoma. Neuro-Oncology 12(8):871–881
Pardridge WM (2008) Re-engineering biopharmaceuticals for delivery to brain with molecular trojan horses. Bioconjug Chem 19(7):1327–1338
Kinoshita M, McDannold N, Jolesz FA, Hynynen K (2006) Noninvasive localized delivery of herceptin to the mouse brain by mri-guided focused ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier disruption. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(31):11719–11723
Kinoshita M, McDannold N, Jolesz FA, Hynynen K (2006) Targeted delivery of antibodies through the blood-brain barrier by mri-guided focused ultrasound. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 340(4):1085–1090
Raymond SB, Treat LH, Dewey JD, McDannold NJ, Hynynen K, Bacskai BJ (2008) Ultrasound enhanced delivery of molecular imaging and therapeutic agents in alzheimer’s disease mouse models. PLoS One 3(5):e2175
Jordão JF, Ayala-Grosso CA, Markham K, Huang Y, Chopra R, McLaurin J, Hynynen K, Aubert I (2010) Antibodies targeted to the brain with image-guided focused ultrasound reduces amyloid-beta plaque load in the tgcrnd8 mouse model of alzheimer’s disease. PLoS One 5(5):e10549
Liu HL, Hua MY, Yang HW, Huang CY, Chu PC, Wu JS, Tseng IC, Wang JJ, Yen TC, Chen PY, Wei KC (2010) Magnetic resonance monitoring of focused ultrasound/magnetic nanoparticle targeting delivery of therapeutic agents to the brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107(34):15205–15210
Chen PY, Liu HL, Hua MY, Yang HW, Huang CY, Chu PC, Lyu LA, Tseng IC, Feng LY, Tsai HC, Chen SM, Lu YJ, Wang JJ, Yen TC, Ma YH, Wu T, Chen JP, Chuang JI, Shin JW, Hsueh C, Wei KC (2010) Novel magnetic/ultrasound focusing system enhances nanoparticle drug delivery for glioma treatment. Neuro-Oncology 12(10):1050–1060
Etame AB, Diaz RJ, O’Reilly MA, Smith CA, Mainprize TG, Hynynen K, Rutka JT (2012) Enhanced delivery of gold nanoparticles with therapeutic potential into the brain using mri-guided focused ultrasound. Nanomedicine 8(7):1133–1142
Thévenot E, Jordão JF, O’Reilly MA, Markham K, Weng YQ, Foust KD, Kaspar BK, Hynynen K, Aubert I (2012) Targeted delivery of self-complementary adeno-associated virus serotype 9 to the brain, using magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound. Hum Gene Ther 23(11):1144–1155
Alonso A, Reinz E, Leuchs B, Kleinschmidt J, Fatar M, Geers B, Lentacker I, Hennerici MG, de Smedt SC, Meairs S (2013) Focal delivery of aav2/1-transgenes into the rat brain by localized ultrasound-induced bbb opening. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2:e73
Burgess A, Ayala-Grosso CA, Ganguly M, Jordão JF, Aubert I, Hynynen K (2011) Targeted delivery of neural stem cells to the brain using mri-guided focused ultrasound to disrupt the blood-brain barrier. PLoS One 6(11):e27877
Alkins R, Burgess A, Ganguly M, Francia G, Kerbel R, Wels WS, Hynynen K (2013) Focused ultrasound delivers targeted immune cells to metastatic brain tumors. Cancer Res 73(6):1892–1899
Bakay L, Ballantine H, Hueter T, Sosa D (1956) Ultrasonically produced changes in the blood-brain barrier. AMA Arch Neurol Psychiatry 76(5):457–467
Hynynen K, McDannold N, Vykhodtseva N, Jolesz F (2001) Noninvasive mr imaging-guided focal opening of the blood-brain barrier in rabbits. Radiology 220(3):640–646
Choi JJ, Pernot M, Small SA, Konofagou EE (2007) Noninvasive, transcranial and localized opening of the blood-brain barrier using focused ultrasound in mice. Ultrasound Med Biol 33(1):95–104
Treat LH, McDannold N, Vykhodtseva N, Zhang Y, Tam K, Hynynen K (2007) Targeted delivery of doxorubicin to the rat brain at therapeutic levels using mri-guided focused ultrasound. Int J Cancer 121(4):901–907
Sheikov N, McDannold N, Sharma S, Hynynen K (2008) Effect of focused ultrasound applied with an ultrasound contrast agent on the tight junctional integrity of the brain microvascular endothelium. Ultrasound Med Biol 34(7):1093–1104
McDannold N, Vykhodtseva N, Hynynen K (2006) Targeted disruption of the blood-brain barrier with focused ultrasound: association with cavitation activity. Phys Med Biol 51(4):793–807
Xie F, Boska MD, Lof J, Uberti MG, Tsutsui JM, Porter TR (2008) Effects of transcranial ultrasound and intravenous microbubbles on blood brain barrier permeability in a large animal model. Ultrasound Med Biol 34(12):2028–2034
Liu HL, Chen PY, Yang HW, Wu JS, Tseng IC, Ma YJ, Huang CY, Tsai HC, Chen SM, Lu YJ, Huang CY, Hua MY, Ma YH, Yen TC, Wei KC (2011) In vivo mr quantification of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle leakage during low-frequency-ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier opening in swine. J Magn Reson Imaging 34(6):1313–1324
Tung YS, Marquet F, Teichert T, Ferrera V, Konofagou E (2011) Feasibility of noninvasive cavitation-guided blood-brain barrier opening using focused ultrasound and microbubbles in nonhuman primates. Appl Phys Lett 98(16):163704
McDannold N, Arvanitis CD, Vykhodtseva N, Livingstone MS (2012) Temporary disruption of the blood-brain barrier by use of ultrasound and microbubbles: safety and efficacy evaluation in rhesus macaques. Cancer Res 72(14):3652–3663
McDannold N, Vykhodtseva N, Hynynen K (2008) Effects of acoustic parameters and ultrasound contrast agent dose on focused-ultrasound induced blood-brain barrier disruption. Ultrasound Med Biol 34(6):930–937
O’Reilly MA, Waspe AC, Ganguly M, Hynynen K (2011) Focused-ultrasound disruption of the blood-brain barrier using closely-timed short pulses: influence of sonication parameters and injection rate. Ultrasound Med Biol 37(4):587–594
Choi JJ, Selert K, Vlachos F, Wong A, Konofagou EE (2011) Noninvasive and localized neuronal delivery using short ultrasonic pulses and microbubbles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108(40):16539–16544
Choi JJ, Selert K, Gao Z, Samiotaki G, Baseri B, Konofagou EE (2011) Noninvasive and localized blood-brain barrier disruption using focused ultrasound can be achieved at short pulse lengths and low pulse repetition frequencies. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 31(2):725–737
O’Reilly MA, Hynynen K (2012) Blood-brain barrier: real-time feedback-controlled focused ultrasound disruption by using an acoustic emissions-based controller. Radiology 263(1):96–106
Arvanitis CD, Livingstone MS, Vykhodtseva N, McDannold N (2012) Controlled ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier disruption using passive acoustic emissions monitoring. PLoS One 7(9):e45783
McDannold N, Vykhodtseva N, Hynynen K (2008) Blood-brain barrier disruption induced by focused ultrasound and circulating preformed microbubbles appears to be characterized by the mechanical index. Ultrasound Med Biol 34(5):834–840
Howles G, Bing K, Qi Y, Rosenzweig S, Nightingale K, Johnson G (2010) Contrast-enhanced in vivo magnetic resonance microscopy of the mouse brain enabled by noninvasive opening of the blood-brain barrier with ultrasound. Magn Reson Med 64(4):995–1004
Santin MD, Debeir T, Bridal SL, Rooney T, Dhenain M (2013) Fast in vivo imaging of amyloid plaques using μ-mri gd-staining combined with ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier opening. NeuroImage 79:288–294
O’Reilly MA, Muller A, Hynynen K (2011) Ultrasound insertion loss of rat parietal bone appears to be proportional to animal mass at submegahertz frequencies. Ultrasound Med Biol 37(11):1930–1937
Talu E, Powell RL, Longo ML, Dayton PA (2008) Needle size and injection rate impact microbubble contrast agent population. Ultrasound Med Biol 34(7):1182–1185
McDannold N, Zhang Y, Vykhodtseva N (2011) Blood-brain barrier disruption and vascular damage induced by ultrasound bursts combined with microbubbles can be influenced by choice of anesthesia protocol. Ultrasound Med Biol 37(8):1259–1270
Choi J, Feshitan J, Baseri B, Wang S, Tung YS, Borden M, Konofagou E (2010) Microbubble-size dependence of focused ultrasound-induced bloodbrain barrier opening in mice in vivo. IEEE T Bio-Med Eng 57(1):145–154
Marty B, Larrat B, Landeghem MV, Robic C, Robert P, Port M, Bihan DL, Pernot M, Tanter M, Lethimonnier F, Mériaux S (2012) Dynamic study of blood-brain barrier closure after its disruption using ultrasound: a quantitative analysis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab
Goertz DE, Wright C, Hynynen K (2010) Contrast agent kinetics in the rabbit brain during exposure to therapeutic ultrasound. Ultrasound Med Biol 36(6):916–924
Helfield BL, Huo X, Williams R, Goertz DE (2012) The effect of preactivation vial temperature on the acoustic properties of definity™. Ultrasound Med Biol 38(7):1298–1305
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
O’Reilly, M.A., Hynynen, K. (2018). Ultrasound and Microbubble-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption for Targeted Delivery of Therapeutics to the Brain. In: Sirianni, R., Behkam, B. (eds) Targeted Drug Delivery. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1831. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8661-3_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8661-3_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-8659-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-8661-3
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols