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Brain Morphometry: Schizophrenia

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Book cover Brain Morphometry

Part of the book series: Neuromethods ((NM,volume 136))

Abstract

During the last three decades, neuroimaging techniques have emerged as an essential tool for the noninvasive examination of subtle brain dysfunctions in psychiatric patient populations. These techniques helped clarify in vivo some of the principal neurobiological characteristic of the quintessential major mental disorder, schizophrenia, providing evidence for potential biomarkers that might improve the diagnostic process, therapeutic monitoring, and outcomes. Here, we describe the main brain morphometric techniques (including volumetric, shape analysis, and microstructural techniques) currently used in research on schizophrenia and summarize the results of the most important studies in the field. This chapter aims at providing an exhaustive description of the state-of-the-art in vivo brain morphology in schizophrenia in order to better characterize the disorder from a neurobiological point of view, thus providing a comprehensive background for further research on this topic. A general picture emerges in which schizophrenia is characterized by widespread brain cortical and subcortical, structural, and microstructural anomalies since the early phases of the course of illness. Volumetric, shape, and microstructural disruptions in structures of the fronto-temporo-parietal network are predominant both cross-sectionally and in terms of altered developmental trajectories and outcome prediction. Future studies on brain morphometric indices in schizophrenia should focus on their reliability as predictors of treatment response through longitudinal designs in large samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy

    Chiara Chiapponi, Pietro De Rossi, Fabrizio Piras, Tommaso Gili & Gianfranco Spalletta

  2. NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Pietro De Rossi

  3. Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Pietro De Rossi

  4. IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy

    Tommaso Gili

  5. Division of Neuropsychiatry, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    Gianfranco Spalletta

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  1. Chiara Chiapponi
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  2. Pietro De Rossi
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  3. Fabrizio Piras
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  4. Tommaso Gili
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  5. Gianfranco Spalletta
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Correspondence to Gianfranco Spalletta .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Rome, Italy

    Gianfranco Spalletta

  2. Division of Neuropsychiatry Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA

    Fabrizio Piras

  3. IMT School for Advanced Studies–Lucca, Lucca, Italy

    Tommaso Gili

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Chiapponi, C., De Rossi, P., Piras, F., Gili, T., Spalletta, G. (2018). Brain Morphometry: Schizophrenia. In: Spalletta, G., Piras, F., Gili, T. (eds) Brain Morphometry. Neuromethods, vol 136. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7647-8_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7647-8_19

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