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MicroRNA and Cancer pp 83–89Cite as

MicroRNAs Change the Landscape of Cancer Resistance

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Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1699))

Abstract

One of the major challenges in the cancer treatment is the development of drug resistance. It represents a major obstacle to curing cancer with constrained efficacy of both conventional chemotherapy and targeted therapies, even recent immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Deciphering the mechanisms of resistance is critical to further understanding the multifactorial pathways involved, and developing more specific targeted treatments. To date, numerous studies have reported the potential role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the resistance to various cancer treatments. MicroRNAs are a family of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by sequence-specific targeting of mRNAs causing translational repression or mRNA degradation. More than 1200 validated human miRNAs have been identified in human genome. While one miRNA can regulate hundreds of targets, a single target can also be affected by multiple miRNAs. Evidence suggests that dysregulation of specific miRNAs may be involved in the acquisition of resistance, thereby modulating the sensitivity of cancer cells to treatment. Therefore, manipulation of miRNAs may be an attractive strategy for more effective individualized therapies through reprograming resistant network in cancer cells.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China

    Jun Zhu M.D.

  2. Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China

    Wei Zhu

  3. Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California in San Francisco, 600 16th Street Mission Bay/Genentech Hall, Room N212, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA

    Wei Wu

Authors
  1. Jun Zhu M.D.
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  2. Wei Zhu
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  3. Wei Wu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jun Zhu M.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California in San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA

    Wei Wu

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Zhu, J., Zhu, W., Wu, W. (2018). MicroRNAs Change the Landscape of Cancer Resistance. In: Wu, W. (eds) MicroRNA and Cancer. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1699. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7435-1_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7435-1_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7433-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7435-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

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