Skip to main content

Shotgun Sphingolipid Analysis of Human Aqueous Humor

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Book cover Glaucoma

Abstract

This protocol provides a step-by-step guide to shotgun sphingolipid analysis of aqueous humor. We describe the Bligh and Dyer crude lipid extraction method and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) coupled with MZmine 2.21 data processing for identification and ratiometric quantitation of sphingosine, sphingosine-1-phosphate, sphingomyelin, and ceramide.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Piccinini M, Scandroglio F, Prioni S, Buccinna B, Loberto N, Aureli M, Chigorno V, Lupino E, DeMarco G, Lomartire A, Rinaudo MT, Sonnino S, Prinetti A (2010) Deregulated sphingolipid metabolism and membrane organization in neurodegenerative disorders. Mol Neurobiol 41(2–3):314–340. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-009-8096-6

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Spassieva SD, Ji X, Liu Y, Gable K, Bielawski J, Dunn TM, Bieberich E, Zhao L (2016) Ectopic expression of ceramide synthase 2 in neurons suppresses neurodegeneration induced by ceramide synthase 1 deficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113(21):5928–5933. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1522071113

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Hannun YA, Obeid LM (2008) Principles of bioactive lipid signalling: lessons from sphingolipids. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 9(2):139–150

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Haughey NJ (2010) Sphingolipids in neurodegeneration. NeuroMolecular Med 12(4):301–305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-010-8135-5

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Halmer R, Walter S, Faßbender K (2014) Sphingolipids: important players in multiple sclerosis. Cell Physiol Biochem 34(1):111–118

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Guerra Y, Aljohani AJ, Edwards G, Bhattacharya SK (2014) A comparison of trabecular meshwork sphingolipids and ceramides of ocular normotensive and hypertensive states of DBA/2J mice. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 30(2–3):283–290. https://doi.org/10.1089/jop.2013.0168

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Aljohani AJ, Edwards G, Guerra Y, Dubovy S, Miller D, Lee RK, Bhattacharya SK (2014) Human trabecular meshwork sphingolipid and ceramide profiles and potential latent fungal commensalism. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 55(6):3413–3422. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.13-13570

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Simon MV, Prado Spalm FH, Politi LE, Rotstein NP (2015) Sphingosine-1-phosphate is a crucial signal for migration of retina Muller glial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 56(10):5808–5815. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.14-16195

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Bruggen B, Kremser C, Bickert A, Ebel P, Vom Dorp K, Schultz K, Dormann P, Willecke K, Dedek K (2016) Defective ceramide synthases in mice cause reduced amplitudes in electroretinograms and altered sphingolipid composition in retina and cornea. Eur J Neurosci 44(1):1700–1713. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.13260

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Rotstein NP, Miranda GE, Abrahan CE, German OL (2010) Regulating survival and development in the retina: key roles for simple sphingolipids. J Lipid Res 51(6):1247–1262. https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.R003442

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Aljohani AJ, Munguba GC, Guerra Y, Lee RK, Bhattacharya SK (2013) Sphingolipids and ceramides in human aqueous humor. Mol Vis 19:1966–1984

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Edwards G, Aribindi K, Guerra Y, Bhattacharya SK (2014) Sphingolipids and ceramides of mouse aqueous humor: comparative profiles from normotensive and hypertensive DBA/2J mice. Biochimie 105:99–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2014.06.019

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Han X, Yang K, Gross RW (2012) Multi-dimensional mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics and novel strategies for lipidomic analyses. Mass Spectrom Rev 31(1):134–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.20342

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Jiang X, Han X (2006) Characterization and direct quantitation of sphingoid base-1-phosphates from lipid extracts: a shotgun lipidomics approach. J Lipid Res 47(8):1865–1873. https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.D600012-JLR200

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Houjou T, Yamatani K, Nakanishi H, Imagawa M, Shimizu T, Taguchi R (2004) Rapid and selective identification of molecular species in phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin by conditional neutral loss scanning and MS3. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 18(24):3123–3130. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1737

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Han X (2002) Characterization and direct quantitation of ceramide molecular species from lipid extracts of biological samples by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 302(2):199–212. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.2001.5536

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Smith PK, Krohn RI, Hermanson GT, Mallia AK, Gartner FH, Provenzano MD, Fujimoto EK, Goeke NM, Olson BJ, Klenk DC (1985) Measurement of protein using bicinchoninic acid. Anal Biochem 150(1):76–85

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Vincent SG, Cunningham PR, Stephens NL, Halayko AJ, Fisher JT (1997) Quantitative densitometry of proteins stained with coomassie blue using a Hewlett Packard Scanjet scanner and Scanplot software. Electrophoresis 18(1):67–71. https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150180114

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. van Eijk HG, van Noort WL (1992) The analysis of human serum transferrins with the PhastSystem: quantitation of microheterogeneity. Electrophoresis 13(6):354–358

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Amelinckx A, Castello M, Arrieta-Quintero E, Lee T, Salas N, Hernandez E, Lee RK, Bhattacharya SK, Parel JMA (2009) Laser trabeculoplasty induces changes in the trabecular meshwork glycoproteome: a pilot study. J Proteome Res 8(7):3727–3736. https://doi.org/10.1021/pr900294g

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sanjoy K. Bhattacharya .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media LLC

About this protocol

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this protocol

Trzeciecka, A. et al. (2018). Shotgun Sphingolipid Analysis of Human Aqueous Humor. In: Jakobs, T. (eds) Glaucoma. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1695. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7407-8_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7407-8_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7406-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7407-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics