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Wheat Rust Diseases pp 183–196Cite as

Rapid Phenotyping Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust in Wheat Grown under Controlled Conditions

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Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1659))

Abstract

Stem rust (SR) or black rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is one of the most common diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crops globally. Among the various control measures, the most efficient and sustainable approach is the deployment of genetically resistant cultivars. Traditionally, wheat breeding programs deployed genetic resistance in cultivars, but unknowingly this is often underpinned by a single seedling resistance gene, which is readily overcome by the pathogen. Nowadays, adult plant resistance (APR) is a widely adopted form of rust resistance because more durable mechanisms often underpin it. However, only a handful of SR APR genes are available, so breeders currently strive to combine seedling and APR genes. Phenotyping adult wheat plants for resistance to SR typically involves evaluation in the field. But establishing a rust nursery can be challenging, and screening is limited to once a year. This slows down research efforts to isolate new APR genes and breeding of genetically resistant cultivars.

In this study, we report a protocol for rapid evaluation of adult wheat plants for resistance to stem rust. We demonstrate the technique by evaluating a panel of 16 wheat genotypes consisting of near isogenic lines (NILs) for known Sr genes (i.e., Sr2, Sr33, Sr45, Sr50, Sr55, Sr57, and Sr58) and three landraces carrying uncharacterized APR from the N. I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR). The method can be completed in just 10 weeks and involves two inoculations: first conducted at seedling stage and a second at the adult stage (using the same plants). The technique can detect APR, such as that conferred by APR gene Sr2, along with pseudo-black chaff (the morphological marker). Phenotyping can be conducted throughout the year, and is fast and resource efficient. Further, the phenotyping method can be applied to screen breeding populations or germplasm accessions using local or exotic races of SR.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to acknowledge Dr. Mark Dieters and Dr. Ian Delacy at The University of Queensland for concepts relating to speed breeding. We thank Dr. Rohit Mago and Dr. Sambasivam Periyannan at CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra for providing wheat genotypes examined in this study. We would also like to thank Mr. Gregory Platz at the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Queensland, Australia for providing stem rust inoculum.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

    Adnan Riaz & Lee T. Hickey

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  1. Adnan Riaz
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  2. Lee T. Hickey
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Correspondence to Adnan Riaz .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Aust Capital Terr, Australia

    Sambasivam Periyannan

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Riaz, A., T. Hickey, L. (2017). Rapid Phenotyping Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust in Wheat Grown under Controlled Conditions. In: Periyannan, S. (eds) Wheat Rust Diseases. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1659. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7249-4_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7249-4_16

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7248-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7249-4

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