Abstract
Immunogold labeling of freeze-fracture replicas has recently been used for high-resolution visualization of protein localization in electron microscopy. This method has higher labeling efficiency than conventional immunogold methods for membrane molecules allowing precise quantitative measurements. However, one of the limitations of freeze-fracture replica immunolabeling is difficulty in keeping structural orientation and identifying labeled profiles in complex tissues like brain. The difficulty is partly due to fragmentation of freeze-fracture replica preparations during labeling procedures and limited morphological clues on the replica surface. To overcome these issues, we introduce here a grid-glued replica method combined with SEM observation. This method allows histological staining before dissolving the tissue and easy handling of replicas during immunogold labeling, and keeps the whole replica surface intact without fragmentation. The procedure described here is also useful for matched double-replica analysis allowing further identification of labeled profiles in corresponding P-face and E-face.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Fujimoto K (1995) Freeze-fracture replica electron microscopy combined with SDS digestion cytochemical labeling of integral membrane proteins. Application to the immunogold labeling of intercellular junctional complexes. J Cell Sci 108:3443–3449
Tanaka J, Matsuzaki M, Tarusawa E et al (2005) Number and density of AMPA receptors in single synapses in immature cerebellum. J Neurosci 25:799–807
Masugi-Tokita M, Shigemoto R (2007) High-resolution quantitative visualization of glutamate and GABA receptors at central synapses. Curr Opin Neurobiol 17:387–393
Masugi-Tokita M, Tarusawa E, Watanabe M et al (2007) Number and density of AMPA receptors in individual synapses in the rat cerebellum as revealed by SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labeling. J Neurosci 27:2135–2144
Antal M, Fukazawa Y, Eördögh M et al (2008) Numbers, densities, and colocalization of AMPA- and NMDA- type glutamate receptors at individual synapses in the superficial spinal dorsal horn of rats. J Neurosci 28:9692–9701
Indriati DW, Kamasawa N, Matsui K et al (2013) Quantitative localization of Cav.2.1 (P/Q-type) voltage-dependent calcium channels in Purkinje cells: somatodendritic gradient and distinct somatic coclustering with calcium-activated potassium channels. J Neurosci 33:3668–3678
Rash JE, Dillman RK, Morita M et al (1995) Grid-mapped freeze fracture: correlative confocal laser scanning microscopy and freeze-fracture electron microscopy of preselected cells in tissue slices. In: Severs NJ, Shotton DM (eds) Rapid freezing, freeze fracture and deep etching. Wiley, Chichester, pp 127–150
Li X, Kamasawa N, Ciolofan C et al (2008) Connexin45-containing neuronal gap junctions in rodent retina also contain connexin36 in both apposing hemiplaques, forming bihomotypic gap junctions, with scaffolding contributed by zonula occludens-1. J Neurosci 28:9769–9789
Rash JE, Kamasawa N, Davidson KG et al (2012) Connexin composition in apposed gap junction hemiplaques revealed by matched double-replica freeze-fracture replica immunogold labeling. J Membr Biol 245:333–344
Hagiwara A, Fukazawa Y, Deguchi-Tawarada M et al (2005) Differential distribution of release-related proteins in the hippocampal CA3 area as revealed by freeze-fracture replica labeling. J Comp Neurol 489:195–216
Harada H, Shigemoto R High-resolution localization by SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labelling (SDS-FRL). In: Luján R, Ciruela F (eds) Receptor and Ion Channel Detection in the Brain: Methods and Protocols, Neuromethods 110, Humana Press, New York, pp 233–246
Fukazawa Y, Masugi-Tokita M, Tarusawa E et al (2008) SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labeling (SDS-FRL). In: Cavalier A, Spehner D, Humbel BM (eds) Handbook of cryo-preparation methods for electron microscopy. CRC press, Boca Raton, pp 567–586
Fujita A, Fujimoto T (2007) Quantitative retention of membrane lipids in the freeze-fracture replica. Histochem Cell Biol 128:385–389
Rash JE, Davidson KGV, Kamasawa N et al (2005) Freeze-fracture replica immunogold labeling (FRIL) in biological electron microscopy. Microsc Microanal 11:138–139
Acknowledgments
We thank Prof. Elek Molnár for providing us a pan-AMPAR antibody used in Fig. 2 and Dr. Ludek Lovicar for technical assistance in scanning electron microscope imaging. This work was supported by the European Union (HBP—Project Ref. 604102).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Harada, H., Shigemoto, R. (2016). Immunogold Protein Localization on Grid-Glued Freeze-Fracture Replicas. In: Schwartzbach, S., Skalli, O., Schikorski, T. (eds) High-Resolution Imaging of Cellular Proteins. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1474. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6352-2_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6352-2_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-6350-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-6352-2
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols