Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is routinely used as a biological tool to silence specific genes, and is under active investigation in cancer treatment strategies. Noninvasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides the ability to assess the functional effects of siRNA-mediated gene silencing in cultured cancer cells, and following nanoparticle-based delivery in tumors in vivo. Here we describe the use of siRNA to downregulate choline kinase, a critical enzyme in choline phospholipid metabolism of cancer cells and tumors, and the use of 1H MRS of cells and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of tumors to assess the efficacy of the downregulation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Glunde K, Raman V, Mori N, Bhujwalla ZM (2005) RNA interference-mediated choline kinase suppression in breast cancer cells induces differentiation and reduces proliferation. Cancer Res 65(23):11034–11043
Ramirez de Molina A, Banez-Coronel M, Gutierrez R, Rodriguez-Gonzalez A, Olmeda D, Megias D, Lacal JC (2004) Choline kinase activation is a critical requirement for the proliferation of primary human mammary epithelial cells and breast tumor progression. Cancer Res 64(18):6732–6739
Ramirez de Molina A, Rodriguez-Gonzalez A, Gutierrez R, Martinez-Pineiro L, Sanchez J, Bonilla F, Rosell R, Lacal J (2002) Overexpression of choline kinase is a frequent feature in human tumor-derived cell lines and in lung, prostate, and colorectal human cancers. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 296(3):580–583
Ramirez de Molina A, Gutierrez R, Ramos MA, Silva JM, Silva J, Bonilla F, Sanchez JJ, Lacal JC (2002) Increased choline kinase activity in human breast carcinomas: clinical evidence for a potential novel antitumor strategy. Oncogene 21(27):4317–4322
Nakagami K, Uchida T, Ohwada S, Koibuchi Y, Suda Y, Sekine T, Morishita Y (1999) Increased choline kinase activity and elevated phosphocholine levels in human colon cancer. Jpn J Cancer Res 90(4):419–424
Li C, Penet MF, Wildes F, Takagi T, Chen Z, Winnard PT, Artemov D, Bhujwalla ZM (2010) Nanoplex delivery of siRNA and prodrug enzyme for multimodality image-guided molecular pathway targeted cancer therapy. ACS Nano 4(11):6707–6716, PMCID: 2991391
Chen Z, Penet MF, Nimmagadda S, Li C, Banerjee SR, Winnard PT Jr, Artemov D, Glunde K, Pomper MG, Bhujwalla ZM (2012) PSMA-targeted theranostic nanoplex for prostate cancer therapy. ACS Nano 6(9):7752–7762
Acknowledgements
Support from P50 CA103175, R01 CA82337, R01 CA73850, R01 CA136576, and R01 CA138515 is gratefully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Penet, MF., Chen, Z., Mori, N., Krishnamachary, B., Bhujwalla, Z.M. (2016). Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of siRNA-Based Cancer Therapy. In: Medarova, Z. (eds) RNA Imaging. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1372. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3148-4_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3148-4_3
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-3147-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-3148-4
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols