Abstract
Metals are increasingly recognized to have an important role in molecular processes underlying Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This chapter discusses the current role of metals in AD and expands on the development of metalloproteomics and how the recent advances in analytical technology will allow detailed investigation of metalloproteins. Investigation of individual metalloproteins will yield new mechanistic details about the role of metals in AD.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Mattson MP (2004) Pathways towards and away from Alzheimer’s disease. Nature 430:631–639
Tanzi RE, Bird ED, Latt SA, Neve RL (1987) The amyloid beta protein gene is not duplicated in brains from patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Science 238:666–669
Clark CM, Ewbank D, Lee VM-Y, Trojanowski JQ (1998) Molecular pathology of Alzheimer’s disease: neuronal cytoskeletal abnormalities. In: Growdon JH, Rossor MN (eds) The dementias Vol 19 of Blue books of practical neurology. Butterworth–Heinemann, Boston, pp. 285–304
Migliore L, Coppede F (2009) Genetics, environmental factors and the emerging role of epigenetics in neurodegenerative diseases. Mutat Res 667:82–97
Armstrong RA (2013) What causes Alzheimer’s disease? Folia Neuropathol 51:169–188
Crapper DR, Krishnan SS, Dalton AJ (1973) Brain aluminum distribution in Alzheimer’s disease and experimental neurofibrillary degeneration. Science 180:511–513
Frausto da Silva JJR, Williams RJP (2001) The biological chemistry of the elements. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Guengerich FP (2009) Thematic minireview series: metals in biology. J Biol Chem 284:18557
Eskici G, Axelsen PH (2012) Copper and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Biochemistry 51:6289–6311
Duce JA, Bush AI (2010) Biological metals and Alzheimer’s disease: implications for therapeutics and diagnostics. Prog Neurobiol 92:1–18
Hung YH, Bush AI, Cherny RA (2010) Copper in the brain and Alzheimer’s disease. J Biol Inorg Chem 15:61–76
Que EL, Domaille DW, Chang CJ (2008) Metals in neurobiology: probing their chemistry and biology with molecular imaging. Chem Rev 108:1517–1549
Kepp KP (2012) Bioinorganic chemistry of Alzheimer’s disease. Chem Rev 112:5193–5239
Sensi SL, Paoletti P, Bush AI, Sekler I (2009) Zinc in the physiology and pathology of the CNS. Nat Rev Neurosci 10:780–791
Squitti R (2012) Metals in Alzheimer’s disease: a systemic perspective. Front Biosci 17:451–472
Adlard PA, Bush AI (2006) Metals and Alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis 10:145–163
Collingwood J, Dobson J (2006) Mapping and characterization of iron compounds in Alzheimer’s tissue. J Alzheimers Dis 10:215–222
Deibel MA, Ehmann WD, Markesbery WR (1996) Copper, iron, and zinc imbalances in severely degenerated brain regions in Alzheimer’s disease: possible relation to oxidative stress. J Neurol Sci 143:137–142
Magaki S, Raghavan R, Mueller C et al (2007) Iron, copper, and iron regulatory protein 2 in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. Neurosci Lett 418:72–76
Religa D, Strozyk D, Cherny RA et al (2006) Elevated cortical zinc in Alzheimer disease. Neurology 67:69–75
Lovell MA, Robertson JD, Teesdale WJ et al (1998) Copper, iron and zinc in Alzheimer’s disease senile plaques. J Neurol Sci 158:47–52
Miller LM, Wang Q, Telivala TP et al (2006) Synchrotron-based infrared and X-ray imaging shows focalized accumulation of Cu and Zn co-localized with beta-amyloid deposits in Alzheimer’s disease. J Struct Biol 155:30–37
Bush AI, Tanzi RE (2008) Therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease based on the metal hypothesis. Neurotherapeutics 5:421–432
Valensin D, Mancini FM, Luczkowski M et al (2004) Identification of a novel high affinity copper binding site in the APP(145–155) fragment of amyloid precursor protein. Dalton Trans 2004:16–22
Simons A, Ruppert T, Schmidt C et al (2002) Evidence for a copper-binding superfamily of the amyloid precursor protein. Biochemistry 41:9310–9320
Hesse L, Beher D, Masters CL, Multhaup G (1994) The beta A4 amyloid precursor protein binding to copper. FEBS Lett 349:109–116
Barnham KJ, McKinstry WJ, Multhaup G et al (2003) Structure of the Alzheimer’s disease amyloid precursor protein copper binding domain. A regulator of neuronal copper homeostasis. J Biol Chem 278:17401–17407
Atwood CS, Scarpa RC, Huang X et al (2000) Characterization of copper interactions with Alzheimer amyloid beta peptides: identification of an attomolar-affinity copper binding site on amyloid beta1-42. J Neurochem 75:1219–1233
Armendariz AD, Gonzalez M, Loguinov AV, Vulpe CD (2004) Gene expression profiling in chronic copper overload reveals upregulation of Prnp and App. Physiol Genomics 20:45–54
Bellingham SA, Lahiri DK, Maloney B et al (2004) Copper depletion down-regulates expression of the Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-beta precursor protein gene. J Biol Chem 279:20378–20386
Lin R, Chen X, Li W et al (2008) Exposure to metal ions regulates mRNA levels of APP and BACE1 in PC12 cells: blockage by curcumin. Neurosci Lett 440:344–347
Angeletti B, Waldron KJ, Freeman KB et al (2005) BACE1 cytoplasmic domain interacts with the copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase-1 and binds copper. J Biol Chem 280:17930–17937
Das HK, Baez ML (2008) ADR1 interacts with a down-stream positive element to activate PS1 transcription. Front Biosci 13:3439–3447
Hoke DE, Tan JL, Ilaya NT et al (2005) In vitro gamma-secretase cleavage of the Alzheimer’s amyloid precursor protein correlates to a subset of presenilin complexes and is inhibited by zinc. FEBS J 272:5544–5557
Allinson TM, Parkin ET, Turner AJ, Hooper NM (2003) ADAMs family members as amyloid precursor protein alpha-secretases. J Neurosci Res 74:342–352
Maynard CJ, Cappai R, Volitakis I et al (2002) Overexpression of Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-beta opposes the age-dependent elevations of brain copper and iron. J Biol Chem 277:44670–44676
Phinney AL, Drisaldi B, Schmidt SD et al (2003) In vivo reduction of amyloid-beta by a mutant copper transporter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:14193–14198
Bellingham SA, Ciccotosto GD, Needham BE et al (2004) Gene knockout of amyloid precursor protein and amyloid precursor-like protein-2 increases cellular copper levels in primary mouse cortical neurons and embryonic fibroblasts. J Neurochem 91:423–428
White AR, Reyes R, Mercer JF et al (1999) Copper levels are increased in the cerebral cortex and liver of APP and APLP2 knockout mice. Brain Res 842:439–444
Evans GA (2000) Designer science and the “omic” revolution. Nat Biotechnol 18:127
Weinstein JN (1998) Fishing expeditions. Science 282:627
Haraguchi H (2004) Metallomics as integrated biometal science. J Anal Atom Spectrom 19:5–14
Szpunar J (2004) Metallomics: a new frontier in analytical chemistry. Anal Bioanal Chem 378:54–56
Dudev T, Lim C (2003) Principles governing Mg, Ca, and Zn binding and selectivity in proteins. Chem Rev 103:773–788
Cvetkovic A, Menon AL, Thorgersen MP et al (2010) Microbial metalloproteomes are largely uncharacterized. Nature 466:779–782
Lothian A, Hare DJ, Grimm R et al (2013) Metalloproteomics: principles, challenges and applications to neurodegeneration. Front Aging Neurosci 5:35
Yamashita MM, Wesson L, Eisenman G, Eisenberg D (1990) Where metal ions bind in proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 87:5648–5652
Meermann B, Kießhauer M (2011) Development of an oxygen-gradient system to overcome plasma instabilities during HPLC/ICP-MS measurements using gradient elution. J Anal Atom Spectrom 26:2069–2075
Szpunar J (2005) Advances in analytical methodology for bioinorganic speciation analysis: metallomics, metalloproteomics and heteroatom-tagged proteomics and metabolomics. Analyst 130:442–465
Szpunar J (2000) Bio-inorganic speciation analysis by hyphenated techniques. Analyst 125:963–988
Jahromi EZ, White W, Wu Q et al (2010) Remarkable effect of mobile phase buffer on the SEC-ICP-AES derived Cu, Fe and Zn-metalloproteome pattern of rabbit blood plasma. Metallomics 2:460–468
Barnett JP, Scanlan DJ, Blindauer CA (2012) Protein fractionation and detection for metalloproteomics: challenges and approaches. Anal Bioanal Chem 402:3311–3322
Choi J-S, Braymer JJ, Nanga RP et al (2010) Design of small molecules that target metal-Aβ species and regulate metal-induced Aβ aggregation and neurotoxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:21990–21995
Stillman MJ (1995) Metallothioneins. Coord Chem Rev 144:461–511
Uchida Y, Takio K, Titani K et al (1991) The growth inhibitory factor that is deficient in the Alzheimer’s disease brain is a 68 amino acid metallothionein-like protein. Neuron 7:337–347
Ferrarello C, Fernández de la Campa MR, Sanz-Medel A (2002) Multielement trace-element speciation in metal-biomolecules by chromatography coupled with ICP-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 373:412–421
Lobinski R, Chassaigne H, Szpunar J (1998) Analysis for metallothioneins using coupled techniques. Talanta 46:271–289
Chassaigne H, Lobinski R (1998) Characterization of horse kidney metallothionein isoforms by electrospray MS and reversed-phase HPLC-electrospray MS. Analyst 123:2125–2130
Gellein K, Roos PM, Evje L et al (2007) Separation of proteins including metallothionein in cerebrospinal fluid by size exclusion HPLC and determination of trace elements by HR-ICP-MS. Brain Res 1174:136–142
Prange A, Schaumlöffel D, Brätter P et al (2001) Species analysis of metallothionein isoforms in human brain cytosols by use of capillary electrophoresis hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma-sector field mass spectrometry. Fresenius J Anal Chem 371:764–774
Richarz A-N, Bratter P (2002) Speciation analysis of trace elements in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease with special emphasis on metallothioneins. Anal Bioanal Chem 372:412–417
Becker JS, Zoriy M, Przybylski M, Becker JS (2007) High resolution mass spectrometric brain proteomics by MALDI-FTICR-MS combined with determination of P, S, Cu, Zn and Fe by LA-ICP-MS. Int J Mass Spectrom 261:68–73
Becker JS, Zoriy M, Becker JS et al (2004) Determination of phosphorus and metals in human brain proteins after isolation by gel electrophoresis by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometry. J Anal Atom Spectrom 19:149–152
Becker JS, Zoriy M, Przybylski M, Sabine Becker J (2007) Study of formation of Cu- and Zn-containing tau protein using isotopically-enriched tracers by LA-ICP-MS and MALDI-FTICR-MS. J Anal Atom Spectrom 22:63–68
Chuang J-Y, Lee C-W, Shih Y-H et al (2012) Interactions between amyloid-β and hemoglobin: implications for amyloid plaque formation in Alzheimer’s disease. PLoS One 7:e33120
Garcia-Sartal C, Taebunpakul S, Stokes E et al (2012) Two-dimensional HPLC coupled to ICP-MS and electrospray ionisation (ESI)-MS/MS for investigating the bioavailability in vitro of arsenic species from edible seaweed. Anal Bioanal Chem 402:3359–3369
Połatajko A, Banaś B, Encinar JR, Szpunar J (2005) Investigation of the recovery of selenomethionine from selenized yeast by two-dimensional LC–ICP MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 381:844–849
Barnett JP, Scanlan DJ, Blindauer CA (2012) Fractionation and identification of metalloproteins from a marine cyanobacterium. Anal Bioanal Chem 402:3371–3377
Yin H, Killeen K (2007) The fundamental aspects and applications of Agilent HPLC-Chip. J Sep Sci 30:1427–1434
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Hare, D.J., Rembach, A., Roberts, B.R. (2016). The Emerging Role of Metalloproteomics in Alzheimer’s Disease Research. In: Castrillo, J., Oliver, S. (eds) Systems Biology of Alzheimer's Disease. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1303. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2627-5_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2627-5_22
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-2626-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-2627-5
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols