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Rab GTPases pp 1–15Cite as

Rab Family of GTPases

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Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1298))

Abstract

Rab proteins represent the largest branch of the Ras-like small GTPase superfamily and there are 66 Rab genes in the human genome. They alternate between GTP- and GDP-bound states, which are facilitated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), and function as molecular switches in regulation of intracellular membrane trafficking in all eukaryotic cells. Each Rab targets to an organelle and specify a transport step along exocytic, endocytic, and recycling pathways as well as the crosstalk between these pathways. Through interactions with multiple effectors temporally, a Rab can control membrane budding and formation of transport vesicles, vesicle movement along cytoskeleton, and membrane fusion at the target compartment. The large number of Rab proteins reflects the complexity of the intracellular transport system, which is essential for the localization and function of membrane and secretory proteins such as hormones, growth factors, and their membrane receptors. As such, Rab proteins have emerged as important regulators for signal transduction, cell growth, and differentiation. Altered Rab expression and/or activity have been implicated in diseases ranging from neurological disorders, diabetes to cancer.

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Acknowledgement

The authors’ research program is supported by the NIH/NIGMS grant R01 GM074692 (to G.L.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10 Street, BRC 417, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA

    Guangpu Li

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 419, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA

    M. Caleb Marlin

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Correspondence to Guangpu Li .

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA

    Guangpu Li

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Li, G., Marlin, M.C. (2015). Rab Family of GTPases. In: Li, G. (eds) Rab GTPases. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1298. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2569-8_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2569-8_1

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