Skip to main content

Channel-Based Reporters for cAMP Detection

  • Protocol
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1294))

Abstract

In the last 15 years, tremendous progress has been made in the development of single-cell cAMP sensors. Sensors are based upon cAMP-binding proteins that have been modified to transduce cAMP concentrations into electrical or fluorescent readouts that can be readily detected using patch clamp amplifiers, photomultiplier tubes, or cameras. Here we describe two complementary approaches for the detection and measurement of cAMP signals near the plasma membrane of cells. These probes take advantage of the ability of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels to transduce small changes in cAMP concentrations into ionic flux through channel pores that can be readily detected by measuring Ca2+ and/or Mn2+ influx or by measuring ionic currents.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Protocol
USD   49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Springer Nature is developing a new tool to find and evaluate Protocols. Learn more

References

  1. van der Krogt GN, Ogink J, Ponsioen B et al (2008) A comparison of donor-acceptor pairs for genetically encoded FRET sensors: application to the Epac cAMP sensor as an example. PLoS One 3:e1916. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001916

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Rich TC, Webb KJ, Leavesley SJ (2014) Perspectives on: cyclic nucleotide microdomains and signaling specificity: can we decipher the information content contained within cyclic nucleotide signals? J Gen Physiol 143:17–27

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Finn JT, Grunwald ME, Yau K-W (1996) Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels: an extended family with diverse functions. Annu Rev Physiol 58:395–426

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Rich TC, Fagan KA, Nakata H et al (2000) Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels colocalize with adenylyl cyclase in regions of restricted cAMP diffusion. J Gen Physiol 116:147–161

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Rich TC, Fagan KA, Tse TE et al (2001) A uniform extracellular stimulus triggers distinct cAMP signals in different compartments of a simple cell. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:13049–13054

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Liu M, Chen TY, Ahamed B et al (1994) Calcium-calmodulin modulation of the olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel. Science 266:1348–1354

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Varnum MD, Black KD, Zagotta WN (1995) Molecular mechanism for ligand discrimination of cyclic nucleotide-gated channels. Neuron 15:619–625

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Rich TC, Tse TE, Rohan JG et al (2001) In vivo assessment of local phosphodiesterase activity using tailored cyclic nucleotide-gated channels as cAMP sensors. J Gen Physiol 118:63–77

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Fagan KA, Schaack J, Zweifach A et al (2001) Adenovirus encoded cyclic nucleotide-gated channels: a new methodology for monitoring cAMP in living cells. FEBS Lett 500:85–90

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Rich TC, Karpen JW (2002) Cyclic AMP sensors in living cells: what signals can they actually measure? Ann Biomed Eng 30:1088–1099

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Rochais F, Vandecasteele G, Lefebvre F et al (2004) Negative feedback exerted by cAMP-dependent protein kinase and cAMP phosphodiesterase on subsarcolemmal cAMP signals in intact cardiac myocytes: an in vivo study using adenovirus-mediated expression of CNG channels. J Biol Chem 279:52095–52105

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Rochais F, Abi-Gerges A, Horner K et al (2006) A specific pattern of phosphodiesterases controls the cAMP signals generated by different Gs-coupled receptors in adult rat ventricular myocytes. Circ Res 98:1081–1088

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Xin W, Tran TM, Richter W et al (2008) Functional roles of GRK and PDE activities in the regulation of β2 adrenergic signaling. J Gen Physiol 134:349–364, PMCID: PMC2279169

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Blackman BE, Heimann J, Horner K et al (2011) PDE4D and PDE4B function in distinct subcellular compartments in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 286:12590–12601

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Willoughby D, Wong W, Schaack J et al (2006) An anchored PKA and PDE4 complex regulates subplasmalemmal cAMP dynamics. EMBO J 25:2051–2061

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Horvat SJ, Deshpande DA, Yan H et al (2012) A-kinase anchoring proteins regulate compartmentalized cAMP signaling in airway smooth muscle. FASEB J 26:3670–3679

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Rich TC, Xin W, Conti M et al (2007) Cellular mechanisms underlying prostaglandin-induced transient cAMP signals near the plasma membrane of HEK-293 cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 292:C319–C331

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Piggott LA, Hassell KA, Berkova Z et al (2006) Natriuretic peptides and nitric oxide stimulate cGMP synthesis in different cellular compartments. J Gen Physiol 128:3–14

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Kwan CY, Putney JW (1990) Uptake and intracellular sequestration of divalent cations in resting and methacholine-stimulated mouse lacrimal acinar cells. Dissociation by Sr2+ and Ba2+ of agonist-stimulated divalent cation entry from the refilling of the agonist-sensitive intracellular pool. J Biol Chem 265:678–684

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Neher E, Augustine GJ (1992) Calcium gradients and buffers in bovine chromaffin cells. J Physiol 450:273–301

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Jurevicius J, Fischmeister R (1996) cAMP compartmentation is responsible for a local activation of cardiac Ca2+ channels by β-adrenergic agonists. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93:295–299

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Frace AM, Mery P-F, Fischmeister R et al (1993) Rate-limiting steps in β-adrenergic stimulation of cardiac calcium current. J Gen Physiol 101:337–353

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Hartzell HC, Mery PF, Fischmeister R et al (1991) Sympathetic regulation of cardiac calcium current is due exclusively to cAMP-dependent phosphorylation. Nature 351:573–576

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Yau K-W, Lamb TD, Matthews G et al (1979) Current fluctuations across single rod outer segments. Vision Res 19:387–390

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Baylor DA, Yau K-W, Lamb TD et al (1978) Properties of the membrane current of rod outer segments. Sens Processes 2:300–305

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Yau K-W, Lamb TD, Baylor DA (1977) Light-induced fluctuations in membrane current of single toad rod outer segments. Nature 269:78–80

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Pugh EN Jr, Lamb TD (1993) Amplification and kinetics of the activation steps in phototransduction. Biochim Biophys Acta 1141:111–149

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Molday RS (1998) Photoreceptor membrane proteins, phototransduction, and retinal degenerative diseases: the Friedenwald Lecture. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 39:2493–2513

    Google Scholar 

  29. Gold GH (1999) Controversial issues in vertebrate olfactory transduction. Annu Rev Physiol 61:857–871

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Lowe G, Gold GH (1993) Contribution of the ciliary cyclic nucleotide-gated conductance to olfactory transduction in the salamander. J Physiol 462:175–196

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Nakamura T, Gold GH (1987) A cyclic nucleotide-gated conductance in olfactory receptor cilia. Nature 325:442–444

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Chen CH, Nakamura T, Koutalos Y (1999) Cyclic AMP diffusion coefficient in frog olfactory cilia. Biophys J 76:2861–2867

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Heine M, Ponimaskin E, Bickmeyer U et al (2002) 5-HT-receptor-induced changes of the intracellular cAMP level monitored by a hyperpolarization-activated cation channel. Pflugers Arch 443:418–426

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Ponimaskin EG, Heine M, Zeug A et al (2007) Monitoring receptor-mediated changes of intracellular camp level by using ion channels and fluorescent proteins as biosensors. In: Chattopadhyay A (ed) Serotonin receptors in neurobiology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, Chapter 2

    Google Scholar 

  35. Trivedi B, Kramer RH (1998) Real-time patch-cram detection of intracellular cGMP reveals long-term suppression of responses to NO and muscarinic agonists. Neuron 21:895–906

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Trivedi B, Kramer RH (2002) Patch cramming reveals the mechanism of long-term suppression of cyclic nucleotides in intact neurons. J Neurosci 22:8819–8826

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Hille B (2001) Ionic channels of excitable membranes. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA

    Google Scholar 

  38. Fagan KA, Rich TC, Tolman S et al (1999) Adenovirus-mediated expression of an olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channel regulates the endogenous Ca2+-inhibitable adenylyl cyclase in C6-2B glioma cells. J Biol Chem 274:12445–12453

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Xin W, Yang X, Rich TC et al (2012) All preconditioning-related G protein-coupled receptors can be demonstrated in the rabbit cardiomyocyte. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 17:190–198

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Walsh KB, Rich TC, Coffman Z (2009) Development of a high throughput assay for monitoring cAMP levels in cardiac ventricular myocytes. J Cardiovas Pharm 53:223–230

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by NIH P01HL066299, the Center for Lung Biology, and the Colleges of Medicine and Engineering, University of South Alabama.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Thomas C. Rich .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Rich, T.C., Xin, W., Leavesley, S.J., Taylor, M.S. (2015). Channel-Based Reporters for cAMP Detection. In: Zaccolo, M. (eds) cAMP Signaling. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1294. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2537-7_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2537-7_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-2536-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-2537-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics