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Epigenome-Wide Association Studies (EWAS): Past, Present, and Future

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Cancer Epigenetics

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1238))

Abstract

Just as genome-wide association studies (GWAS) grew from the field of genetic epidemiology, so too do epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) derive from the burgeoning field of epigenetic epidemiology, with both aiming to understand the molecular basis for disease risk. While genetic risk of disease is currently unmodifiable, there is hope that epigenetic risk may be reversible and or modifiable. This review will take a look back at the origins of this field and revisit the past early efforts to conduct EWAS using the 27k Illumina methylation beadarrays, to the present where most investigators are using the 450k Illumina beadarrays and finally to the future where next generation sequencing based methods beckon. There have been numerous diseases, exposures and lifestyle factors investigated with EWAS, with several significant associations now identified. However, much like the GWAS studies, EWAS are likely to require large international consortium-based approaches to reach the numbers of subjects, and statistical and scientific rigor, required for robust findings.

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Acknowledgements

JMF is funded by Breast Cancer Campaign and Cancer Research UK.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Epigenetics Unit, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 4th Floor IRDB, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK

    James M. Flanagan

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Correspondence to James M. Flanagan .

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  1. National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA

    Mukesh Verma

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Flanagan, J.M. (2015). Epigenome-Wide Association Studies (EWAS): Past, Present, and Future. In: Verma, M. (eds) Cancer Epigenetics. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1238. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1804-1_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1804-1_3

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