Skip to main content

Visualization of Epigenetic Modifications in Preimplantation Embryos

  • Protocol
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1222))

Abstract

Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and posttranslational histone modifications change drastically during embryonic development. To visualize histone modifications in living embryos, a Fab-based live endogenous modification labeling (FabLEM) technique has been developed. Here we describe the methods required for FabLEM experiments, including Fab preparation from IgG, its conjugation with a fluorescent dye, loading into cultured cells or mouse embryos, and imaging.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Protocol
USD   49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Springer Nature is developing a new tool to find and evaluate Protocols. Learn more

References

  1. Santos F, Dean W (2004) Epigenetic reprogramming during early development in mammals. Reproduction 127:643–651

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Morgan HD, Santos F, Green K, Dean W, Reik W (2005) Epigenetic reprogramming in mammals. Hum Mol Genet 14:R47–R58

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Bogdanović O, van Heeringen SJ, Veenstra GJ (2012) The epigenome in early vertebrate development. Genesis 50:192–206

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Kimura H, Hayashi-Takanaka Y, Yamagata K (2010) Visualization of DNA methylation and histone modifications in living cells. Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:412–418

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Yamazaki T, Yamagata K, Baba T (2007) Time-lapse and retrospective analysis of DNA methylation in mouse preimplantation embryos by live cell imaging. Dev Biol 304:409–419

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Hayashi-Takanaka Y, Yamagata K, Nozaki N, Kimura H (2009) Visualizing histone modifications in living cells: spatiotemporal dynamics of H3 phosphorylation during interphase. J Cell Biol 187:781–790

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Hayashi-Takanaka Y, Yamagata K, Wakayama T, Stasevich TJ, Kainuma T, Tsurimoto T, Tachibana M, Shinkai Y, Kurumizaka H, Nozaki N, Kimura H (2011) Tracking epigenetic histone modifications in single cells using Fab-based live endogenous modification labeling. Nucleic Acids Res 39:6475–6488

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Yamagata K (2010) DNA methylation profiling using live-cell imaging. Methods 52: 259–266

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Mariani M, Camagna M, Tarditi L, Seccaman E (1991) A new enzymatic method to obtain high-yield F(ab')2 suitable for clinical use from mouse IgG1. Mol Immunol 28:69–77

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Adamczyk M, Gebler JC, Wu J (2000) Papain digestion of different mouse IgG subclasses as studied by electrospray mass spectrometry. J Immunol Methods 237:95–104

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Toyoda Y, Yokoyama M, Hoshi T (1971) Studies on the fertilization of mouse egg in vitro. Jpn J Anim Reprod 16:147–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Chatot CL, Lewis JL, Torres I, Ziomek CA (1990) Development of 1-cell embryos from different strains of mice in CZB medium. Biol Reprod 42:432–440

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. McNeil PL, Warder E (1987) Glass beads load macromolecules into living cells. J Cell Sci 88: 669–678

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Manders EM, Kimura H, Cook PR (1999) Direct imaging of DNA in living cells reveals the dynamics of chromosome formation. J Cell Biol 144:813–821

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

We thank Yuko Sato, Timothy J. Stasevich, and Yoko Hayashi-Takanaka for comments, figures, and data. The authors’ work was supported by grants-in-aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, and New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hiroshi Kimura .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Kimura, H., Yamagata, K. (2015). Visualization of Epigenetic Modifications in Preimplantation Embryos. In: Beaujean, N., Jammes, H., Jouneau, A. (eds) Nuclear Reprogramming. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1222. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1594-1_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1594-1_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-1593-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-1594-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics