Abstract
During embryonic development tissue morphogenesis and signaling are tightly coupled. It is therefore important to simulate both tissue morphogenesis and signaling simultaneously in in silico models of developmental processes. The resolution of the processes depends on the questions of interest. As part of this chapter we introduce different descriptions of tissue morphogenesi s. In the simplest approximation tissue is a continuous domain and tissue expansion is described according to a predefined function of time (and possibly space). In a slightly more advanced version the expansion speed and direction of the tissue may depend on a signaling variable that evolves on the domain. Both versions will be referred to as “prescribed growth.” Alternatively tissue can be regarded as incompressible fluid and can be described with Navier-Stokes equations. Local cell expansion, proliferation, and death are then incorporated by a source term. In other applications the cell boundaries may be important and cell-based models must be introduced. Finally, cells may move within the tissue, a process best described by agent-based models.
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Acknowledgment
The authors thank Erkan Ünal, Javier Lopez-Rios, and Dario Speziale from the Zeller lab for the embryo picture in Fig. 1. The authors acknowledge funding from the SNF Sinergia grant “Developmental engineering of endochondral ossification from mesenchymal stem cells,” a SystemsX RTD on Forebrain Development, a SystemsX iPhD grant, and an ETH Zurich postdoctoral fellowship to D.M.
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Iber, D., Tanaka, S., Fried, P., Germann, P., Menshykau, D. (2015). Simulating Tissue Morphogenesis and Signaling. In: Nelson, C. (eds) Tissue Morphogenesis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1189. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1164-6_21
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1164-6_21
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