Skip to main content

Measuring the Activity of 1-Deoxy-D-Xylulose 5-Phosphate Synthase, the First Enzyme in the MEP Pathway, in Plant Extracts

  • Protocol
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1153))

Abstract

The first enzyme in the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway is 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate (DXP) synthase (DXS). As such this enzyme is considered to be important in the control of plastidial isoprenoid production. Measuring the activity of DXS in plant extracts is therefore crucial to understanding the regulation of the MEP pathway. Due to the relatively low amounts of DXS, the activity of this enzyme can only be measured using highly sensitive analytical equipment. Here, a method is described to determine the DXS enzyme activity in a crude plant extract, by measuring DXP production directly using high performance liquid chromatography linked to a tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry detector (LC-MS/MS).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Protocol
USD   49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Springer Nature is developing a new tool to find and evaluate Protocols. Learn more

References

  1. Rodriguez-Concepcion M, Boronat A (2002) Elucidation of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis in bacteria and plastids. A metabolic milestone achieved through genomics. Plant Physiol 130:1079–1089

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Lichtenthaler HK (1999) The 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 50:47–65

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Lois LM, Campos N, Putra SR et al (1998) Cloning and characterization of a gene from Escerichia coli encoding a transketolase-like enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of d-1-deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate, a common precursor for isoprenoid, thiamine, and pyridoxol biosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:2105–2110

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Lange BM, Wildung MR, McCaskill D et al (1998) A family of transketolases that directs isoprenoid biosynthesis via a mevalonate-independent pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:2100–2104

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Walter MH, Hans J, Strack D (2002) Two distantly related genes encoding 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase: differential regulation in shoots and apocarotenoid-accumulating mycorrhizal roots. Plant J 31:243–254

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Phillips MA, Walter MH, Ralph SG et al (2007) Functional identification and differential expression of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase in induced terpenoid resin formation of Norway spruce (Picea abies). Plant Mol Biol 65:243–257

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Sauret-Gueto S, Uros EM, Ibanez E et al (2006) A mutant pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit allows survival of Escherichia coli strains defective in 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase. FEBS Lett 580:736–740

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Cordoba E, Porta H, Arroy A et al (2011) Functional characterization of the three genes encoding 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase in maize. J Exp Bot 62:2023–2038

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Querol J, Besumbes O, Lois LM et al (2001) A fluorometric assay for the determination of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase activity. Anal Biochem 296:101–105

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Ghirardo A, Zimmer I, Brueggemann N et al (2010) Analysis of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase activity in grey poplar leaves using isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Phytochemistry 71:918–922

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Han Y-S, Sabbioni C, van der Heijden R (2003) High-performance liquid chromatography assay for 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase activity using fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 986:291–296

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Fraser PD, Enfissi EMA, Halket JM et al (2007) Manipulation of phytoene levels in tomato fruit: effects on isoprenoids, plastids, and intermediary metabolism. Plant Cell 19:3194–3211

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Flores-Perez U, Perez-Gil J, Closa M et al (2010) PLEIOTROPIC REGULATORY LOCUS 1 (PRL1) integrates the regulation of sugar responses with isoprenoid metabolism in Arabidopsis. Mol Plant 3:101–112

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Hecht S, Kis K, Eisenreich W et al (2001) Enzyme-assisted preparation of isotope-labeled 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate. J Org Chem 66:3948–3952

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We thank Bettina Raguschke for technical assistance and Felix Rohdich, Adelbert Bacher and Wolfgang Eisenreich for the kind gift of 13C labelled DXP. The project was funded by the Max Planck Gesellschaft.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Louwrance P. Wright .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Wright, L.P., Phillips, M.A. (2014). Measuring the Activity of 1-Deoxy-D-Xylulose 5-Phosphate Synthase, the First Enzyme in the MEP Pathway, in Plant Extracts. In: Rodríguez-Concepción, M. (eds) Plant Isoprenoids. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1153. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0606-2_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0606-2_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-0605-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-0606-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics