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Translational Biomarkers, In Vitro and In Vivo

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In Vitro Toxicology Systems

Part of the book series: Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology ((MIPT))

Abstract

Current clinical and preclinical biomarkers suffer from lack of target organ specificity, sensitivity issues, and poor mechanistic insight. There is therefore a lot of interest in the field of biomarker discovery to overcome these issues, for both clinical and preclinical applications. In this chapter we set out to demonstrate how in vitro techniques are an indispensable tool in the development and discovery of novel mechanistically based biomarkers. We provide examples of several novel biomarkers which have been either discovered in vitro or where such systems have been used to elucidate key mechanistic information. Many of these biomarkers are more than innocent bystanders leaked into the surrounding tissue, with most highly implicated in cell and tissue survival as well as tissue differentiation. These new biomarkers will be not only useful for current preclinical and clinical applications but also advantageous in the development of better in vitro systems in order to reduce or replace animal testing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Physiology, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Innsbruck Medical University, Room 158, Fritz-Pregl Strasse 3/1, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria

    Anja Wilmes, Alice Limonciel & Paul Jennings

  2. CRCE, Public Health England, Chilton, UK

    Martin O. Leonard

Authors
  1. Anja Wilmes
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  2. Alice Limonciel
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  3. Martin O. Leonard
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  4. Paul Jennings
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Correspondence to Paul Jennings .

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  1. European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Varese, Italy

    Anna Bal-Price

  2. Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria

    Paul Jennings

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Wilmes, A., Limonciel, A., Leonard, M.O., Jennings, P. (2014). Translational Biomarkers, In Vitro and In Vivo. In: Bal-Price, A., Jennings, P. (eds) In Vitro Toxicology Systems. Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0521-8_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0521-8_20

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