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In Vitro Toxicology Systems pp 351–373Cite as

Human Stem/Progenitor Cell-Based Assays for Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Testing

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Part of the book series: Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology ((MIPT))

Abstract

The developing brain is vulnerable towards compounds interfering with processes explicitly involved in brain development. These processes include neural stem/progenitor cell (NS/PC) proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis as well as myelination, synaptogenesis, and network formation. Due to specific actions of compounds on these processes, which differ from the most common mechanisms of adult neurotoxicity, specific developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) testing is necessary. In view of the large societal impact that only small changes in IQ pose on a population and the financial burdens associated with this drop in societal IQ, the assessment of adverse effects of chemicals on the highly complex process of brain development is even more indispensable. In this chapter, recent developments on human stem/progenitor cell-based assays for DNT testing are reviewed. Thereby, distinct available cell sources as well as diverse culturing methods of these cells are described. Their applications for compound testing are portrayed and finally a summary and brief recommendation on the future of DNT testing by using stem/progenitor cells in vitro is given.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany

    Ellen Fritsche

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  1. Ellen Fritsche
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Correspondence to Ellen Fritsche .

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  1. European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Varese, Italy

    Anna Bal-Price

  2. Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria

    Paul Jennings

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Fritsche, E. (2014). Human Stem/Progenitor Cell-Based Assays for Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Testing. In: Bal-Price, A., Jennings, P. (eds) In Vitro Toxicology Systems. Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0521-8_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0521-8_16

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-0520-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-0521-8

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