Abstract
Entompathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are created in the nature with significant unique characteristics. The efficacy of EPN application in the field as bio-insecticides depends on its virulence, host finding, environmental tolerance and persistence, and also in the selection of the appropriate nematode that matches with the particular target pest. Understanding the biology, adaptability and identification of these entomopathogenic nematodes with their bacterial symbionts play a key role in their successful application.
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References
Kaya HK, Gaugler R (1993) Entomopathogenic nematodes. Annu Rev Entomol 38:181–206
Cranshaw WS, Zimmerman R (2013) Insect parasitic nematodes. Fact sheet no. 5.573. Colorado State University extension
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Sivaramakrishnan, S., Razia, M. (2021). Introduction. In: Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Their Symbiotic Bacteria. Springer Protocols Handbooks. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1445-7_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1445-7_2
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Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-1445-7
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