Abstract
Insulin is a hormone produced and secreted by the β-cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans in response to increased blood glucose levels after a meal. The hormone binds to its receptor located on the plasma membrane triggering an intracellular signaling cascade. This signaling pathway is responsible for the pleiotropic actions of insulin on different tissues, such as regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, proliferation, and differentiation. Although considerable efforts have been made to understand the molecular mechanism linking the action of the hormone to biological processes, our knowledge is incomplete. Of note, under certain conditions, physiological circulating levels of the hormone are insufficient to properly regulate these processes, a term coined as insulin resistance. The ex vivo analysis of insulin action provides valuable information to decipher intracellular signaling events downstream of the insulin receptor under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In this chapter, we focus on the analysis of intracellular insulin action ex vivo.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by grants from the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad: SAF2014-58702-C2-1-R and SAF2016-77871-C2-1-R to IC and SAF2014-58702-C2-2-R and SAF2016-77871-C2-2-R to GP. The EFSD European Research Programme on New Targets for Type 2 Diabetes is supported by an educational research grant from MSD to ICC and GP.
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Cózar-Castellano, I., Perdomo, G. (2020). Assessment of Insulin Tolerance Ex Vivo. In: King, A. (eds) Animal Models of Diabetes. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2128. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0385-7_19
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0385-7_19
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