Abstract
In this chapter, we describe different approaches for the utilization of glutaraldehyde in protein immobilization. First, we focus on the covalent attachment of proteins to glutaraldehyde-activated matrixes. We describe conditions for the synthesis of such supports and provide an example of the immobilization and stabilization of a fructosyltransferase. We also describe how glutaraldehyde may be used for the cross-linking of protein–protein aggregates and protein adsorbed onto amino-activated matrixes. In these cases, glutaraldehyde bridges either two lysine groups from different protein molecules or a lysine from the protein structure and an amine group from the support. Examples of cross-linking are given for the immobilization of a d-amino acid oxidase on different amino-activated supports.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
El-Aassar MR (2013) Functionalized electrospun nanofibers from poly (AN-co-MMA) for enzyme immobilization. J Mol Catal B Enzymatic 85–86:140–148
Magnan E, Catarino I, Paolucci-Jeanjean D, Preziosi-Belloy L, Belleville MP (2004) Immobilization of lipase on a ceramic membrane: activity and stability. J Membr Sci 241:161–166
Mohy Eldin MS, Elaassar MR, Elzatahry AA, Al-Sabah MMB, Hassan EA (2012) Covalent immobilization of β-galactosidase onto amino-functionalized PVC microspheres. J Appl Polym Sci 125:1724–1735
Zhou QZK, Dong CX (2001) Immobilization of β-galactosidase on graphite surface by glutaraldehyde. J Food Eng 48:69–74
Demarche P, Junghanns C, Mazy N, Agathos SN (2012) Design-of-experiment strategy for the formulation of laccase biocatalysts and their application to degrade bisphenol A. New Biotechnol 30:96–103
D’Souza SF, Kubal BS (2002) A cloth strip bioreactor with immobilized glucoamylase. J Biochem Biophys Methods 51:151–159
Hwang S, Lee KT, Park JW, Min BR, Haam S, Ahn IS, Jung JK (2004) Stability analysis of Bacillus stearothermophilus L1 lipase immobilized on surface-modified silica gels. Biochem Eng J 17:85–90
Zimmermann YS, Shahgaldian P, Corvini PFX, Hommes G (2011) Sorption-assisted surface conjugation: a way to stabilize laccase enzyme. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 92:169–178
Betancor L, López-Gallego F, Hidalgo A, Alonso-Morales N, Mateo GD-OC, Fernández-Lafuente R, Guisán JM (2006) Different mechanisms of protein immobilization on glutaraldehyde activated supports: effect of support activation and immobilization conditions. Enzym Microb Technol 39:877–882
López-Gallego F, Betancor L, Hidalgo A, Alonso N, Fernandez-Lorente G, Guisan JM, Fernandez-Lafuente R (2005) Preparation of a robust biocatalyst of D-amino acid oxidase on sepabeads supports using the glutaraldehyde crosslinking method. Enzym Microb Technol 37:750–756
López-Gallego F, Betancor L, Mateo C, Hidalgo A, Alonso-Morales N, Dellamora-Ortiz G, Guisán JM, Fernández-Lafuente R (2005) Enzyme stabilization by glutaraldehyde crosslinking of adsorbed proteins on aminated supports. J Biotechnol 119:70–75
Betancor L, López-Gallego F, Hidalgo A, Alonso-Morales N, Dellamora-Ortiz G, Guisán JM, Fernández-Lafuente R (2006) Preparation of a very stable immobilized bio-catalyst of glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger. J Biotechnol 121:284–289
Fernandez-Lafuente R, Resell CM, Rodriguez V, Guisan JM (1995) Strategies for enzyme stabilization by intramolecular crosslinking with bifunctional reagents. Enzym Microb Technol 17:517–523
Bayraktar H, Serilmez M, Karkaş T, Çelem EB, Önal S (2011) Immobilization and stabilization of α-galactosidase on Sepabeads EC-EA and EC-HA. Int J Biol Macromol 49:855–860
Gouda MK, Abdel-Naby MA (2002) Catalytic properties of the immobilized Aspergillus tamarii xylanase. Microbiol Res 157:275–281
Chae HJ, Kim EY, In MJ (2000) Improved immobilization yields by addition of protecting agents in glutaraldehyde-induced immobilization of protease. J Biosci Bioeng 89:377–379
Guisán JM (1988) Aldehyde-agarose gels as activated supports for immobilizationstabilization of enzymes. Enzym Microb Technol 10:375–373
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
López-Gallego, F., Guisan, J.M., Betancor, L. (2020). Immobilization of Enzymes on Supports Activated with Glutaraldehyde: A Very Simple Immobilization Protocol. In: Guisan, J., Bolivar, J., López-Gallego, F., Rocha-Martín, J. (eds) Immobilization of Enzymes and Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2100. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0215-7_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0215-7_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-0214-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-0215-7
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols