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Human Intestinal Enteroids: New Models to Study Gastrointestinal Virus Infections

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Organoids

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1576))

Abstract

Human rotavirus (HRV) and human norovirus (HuNoV) infections are recognized as the most common causes of epidemic and sporadic cases of gastroenteritis worldwide. The study of these two human gastrointestinal viruses is important for understanding basic virus-host interactions and mechanisms of pathogenesis and to establish models to evaluate vaccines and treatments. Despite the introduction of live-attenuated vaccines to prevent life-threatening HRV-induced disease, the burden of HRV illness remains significant in low-income and less-industrialized countries, and small animal models or ex vivo models to study HRV infections efficiently are lacking. Similarly, HuNoVs remained non-cultivatable until recently. With the advent of non-transformed human intestinal enteroid (HIE) cultures, we are now able to culture and study both clinically relevant HRV and HuNoV in a biologically relevant human system. Methods described here will allow investigators to use these new culture techniques to grow HRV and HuNoV and analyze new aspects of virus replication and pathogenesis.

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Acknowledgments

The techniques described in this article were developed by research on rotaviruses and noroviruses that was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grants U19-AI116497, R01 AI080656, PO1 AI 057788 (to Mary K. Estes), U18-TR000552 (to Mark Donowitz), P30 DK-56338 (to Hashem El-Serag), F30 DK107173 (to Winnie Zou), Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant 2011-68003-30395 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (to LeAnn Jaykus), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Grant 570076890 (to Kapil Saxena).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS-385, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Winnie Y. Zou, Sarah E. Blutt, Sue E. Crawford, Khalil Ettayebi, Xi-Lei Zeng, Kapil Saxena, Sasirekha Ramani, Umesh C. Karandikar & Mary K. Estes

  2. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    Mary K. Estes

  3. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Nicholas C. Zachos

Authors
  1. Winnie Y. Zou
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  2. Sarah E. Blutt
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  3. Sue E. Crawford
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  4. Khalil Ettayebi
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  5. Xi-Lei Zeng
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  6. Kapil Saxena
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  7. Sasirekha Ramani
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  8. Umesh C. Karandikar
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  9. Nicholas C. Zachos
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  10. Mary K. Estes
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mary K. Estes .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Kursad Turksen

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Zou, W.Y. et al. (2017). Human Intestinal Enteroids: New Models to Study Gastrointestinal Virus Infections. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Organoids. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1576. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/7651_2017_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/7651_2017_1

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  • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7616-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7617-1

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