Abstract
Instability of trinucleotide and inverted repeats is a causative factor in the development of a number of neurological diseases, hereditary syndromes, and cancer. To understand the mechanisms that lead to repeat-induced genome destabilization it is important to identify factors that affect repeat metabolism. Here we present an approach that utilizes systematic and unbiased genome-wide screen in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae aimed to find genes that govern GAA/TTC and inverted repeat instability. These screens allowed for the identification of more than 30 mutants with increased fragility of both repeat motifs.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Saini N, Zhang Y, Usdin K, Lobachev KS (2013) When secondary comes first--the importance of non-canonical DNA structures. Biochimie 95:117–123
Lobachev KS, Gordenin DA, Resnick MA (2002) The Mre11 complex is required for repair of hairpin-capped double-strand breaks and prevention of chromosome rearrangements. Cell 108:183–193
Kim HM, Narayanan V, Mieczkowski PA, Petes TD, Krasilnikova MM, Mirkin SM, Lobachev KS (2008) Chromosome fragility at GAA tracts in yeast depends on repeat orientation and requires mismatch repair. EMBO J 27:2896–2906
Zhang Y, Saini N, Sheng Z, Lobachev KS (2013) Genome-wide screen reveals replication pathway for quasi-palindrome fragility dependent on homologous recombination. PLoS Genet 9:e1003979
Zhang Y, Shishkin AA, Nishida Y, Marcinkowski-Desmond D, Saini N, Volkov KV, Mirkin SM, Lobachev KS (2012) Genome-wide screen identifies pathways that govern GAA/TTC repeat fragility and expansions in dividing and nondividing yeast cells. Mol Cell 48:254–265
Chen C, Kolodner RD (1999) Gross chromosomal rearrangements in Saccharomyces cerevisiae replication and recombination defective mutants. Nat Genet 23:81–85
Narayanan V, Mieczkowski PA, Kim HM, Petes TD, Lobachev KS (2006) The pattern of gene amplification is determined by the chromosomal location of hairpin-capped breaks. Cell 125:1283–1296
Tong AHY, Evangelista M, Tyers M, Boone C, Parsons AB, Xu H, Bader GD, Pagé N, Robinson M, Raghibizadeh S, Hogue CW, Bussey H, Andrews B (2001) Systematic genetic analysis with ordered arrays of yeast deletion mutants. Science 294:2364–2368
Shishkin AA, Voineagu I, Matera R, Cherng N, Chernet BT, Krasilnikova MM, Narayanan V, Lobachev KS, Mirkin SM (2009) Large-scale expansions of Friedreich’s ataxia GAA repeats in yeast. Mol Cell 35:82–92
Li Z, Vizeacoumar FJ, Bahr S, Li J, Warringer J, Vizeacoumar FS, Min R, VanderSluis B, Bellay J, DeVit M, Fleming JA (2011) Systematic exploration of essential yeast gene function with temperature-sensitive mutants. Nat Biotechnol 29:361–367
Lobachev KS, Stenger JE, Kozyreva OG, Jurka J, Gordenin DA, Resnick MA (2000) Inverted Alu repeats unstable in yeast are excluded from the human genome. EMBO J 19:3822–3830
Smith S, Hwang JY, Banerjee S, Majeed A, Gupta A, Myung K (2004) Mutator genes for suppression of gross chromosomal rearrangements identified by a genome-wide screening in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci 101:9039–9044
Goldstein AL, McCusker JH (1999) Three new dominant drug resistance cassettes for gene disruption in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 15:1541–1553
Kaufer NF, Fried HM, Schwindinger WF, Jasin M, Warner JR (1983) Cycloheximide resistance in yeast: the gene and its protein. Nucleic Acids Res 11:3123–3135
Storici F, Lewis LK, Resnick MA (2001) In vivo site-directed mutagenesis using oligonucleotides. Nat Biotechnol 19:773–776
Krasilnikova MM, Mirkin SM (2004) Replication stalling at Friedreich’s ataxia (GAA)n repeats in vivo. Mol Cell Biol 24:2286–2295
Costanzo M, Boone C (2009) SGAM: an array-based approach for high-resolution genetic mapping in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Methods Mol Biol 548:37–53
Acknowledgments
We thank Dr. N. Degtyareva for critical reading of the manuscript and Dr. Y. Zhang for carrying out the screens. This work was supported by NIH grant R01GM129119 to KSL.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Guo, W., Lobachev, K.S. (2020). Genetic Screens to Study GAA/TTC and Inverted Repeat Instability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In: Richard, GF. (eds) Trinucleotide Repeats. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2056. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9784-8_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9784-8_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-9783-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-9784-8
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols