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Biomarkers for Immunotherapy of Cancer pp 433–452Cite as

Methods to Detect Immunogenic Cell Death In Vivo

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Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2055))

Abstract

In response to selected stressors, cancer cells can undergo a form of regulated cell death that—in immunocompetent syngeneic hosts—is capable of eliciting an adaptive immune response specific for dead cell-associated antigens. Thus, such variant of regulated cell death manifests with robust antigenicity and adjuvanticity. As compared to their normal counterparts, malignant cells are highly antigenic per se, implying that they express a variety of antigens that are not covered by central tolerance. However, the precise modality through which cancer cells die in response to stress has a major influence on adjuvanticity. Moreover, the adjuvanticity threshold to productively drive anticancer immune responses is considerably lower in tumor-naïve hosts as compared to their tumor-bearing counterparts, largely reflecting the establishment of peripheral tolerance to malignant lesions in the latter (but not in the former). So far, no cellular biomarker or combination thereof has been found to reliably predict the ability of cancer cell death to initiate antitumor immunity. Thus, although some surrogate biomarkers of adjuvanticity can be used for screening purposes, the occurrence of bona fide immunogenic cell death (ICD) can only be ascertained in vivo. Here, we describe two methods that can be harnessed to straightforwardly determine the immunogenicity of mouse cancer cells succumbing to stress in both tumor-naïve and tumor-bearing hosts.

Takahiro Yamazaki and Aitziber Buqué contributed equally to this work.

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Change history

  • 08 November 2019

    This book was inadvertently published with one of the contributing author’s name printed as Aitziber Buqué Martinez, which should have been Aitziber Buqué.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are supported by a Breakthrough Level 2 grant from the US Department of Defense (DoD), Breast Cancer Research Program (BRCP) (#BC180476P1), by a startup grant from the Dept. of Radiation Oncology at Weill Cornell Medicine (New York, USA), by industrial collaborations with Lytix (Oslo, Norway) and Phosplatin (New York, USA), and by donations from Phosplatin (New York, USA), the Luke Heller TECPR2 Foundation (Boston, USA), and Sotio a.s. (Prague, Czech Republic).

Author Disclosure: L.G. provides remunerated consulting to OmniSEQ (Buffalo, NY, USA), Astra Zeneca (Gaithersburg, MD, USA), VL47 (New York, NY, USA), and the Luke Heller TECPR2 Foundation (Boston, MA, USA), and he is member of the Scientific Advisory Committee of OmniSEQ (Buffalo, NY, USA). The other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA

      Takahiro Yamazaki, Aitziber Buqué, Marissa Rybstein, Jonathan Chen, Ai Sato & Lorenzo Galluzzi

    2. Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA

      Lorenzo Galluzzi

    3. Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France

      Lorenzo Galluzzi

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    1. Takahiro Yamazaki
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    Correspondence to Lorenzo Galluzzi .

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    Editors and Affiliations

    1. NIH, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA

      Magdalena Thurin

    2. Nanostring Technologies, Seattle, WA, USA, ESSA Pharma, South San Francisco, CA, USA

      Alessandra Cesano

    3. Refuge Biotechnologies, Menlo Park, CA, USA

      Francesco M. Marincola

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    Yamazaki, T., Buqué, A., Rybstein, M., Chen, J., Sato, A., Galluzzi, L. (2020). Methods to Detect Immunogenic Cell Death In Vivo. In: Thurin, M., Cesano, A., Marincola, F. (eds) Biomarkers for Immunotherapy of Cancer. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2055. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9773-2_20

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9773-2_20

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    • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

    • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-9772-5

    • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-9773-2

    • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

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