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Multiphoton Microscopy pp 251–277Cite as

Multiphoton Ca2+ Imaging of Astrocytes with Genetically Encoded Indicators Delivered by a Viral Approach

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Part of the book series: Neuromethods ((NM,volume 148))

Abstract

Decades of research have unraveled the complex functioning of neurons in the central nervous system. Our knowledge of the second main player of the brain – the non-excitable glial cells – clearly lags behind that of neurons. Pioneering work in the 1990s provided evidence that star-shaped glial cells – astrocytes – sense and modulate neuronal activity by intracellular Ca2+ signals. However, the precise roles of astrocytic Ca2+ signaling in brain physiology and pathophysiology are still highly controversial, largely due to technical limitations of previous Ca2+ imaging tools. With recent innovations in laser microscopy and engineering of molecular probes, the field of glioscience is undergoing a revolution. This chapter describes the application of multiphoton microscopy and genetically encoded fluorescent Ca2+ indicators to reveal astrocytic Ca2+ signals in acute brain slices and in vivo, both in anesthetized and in awake behaving animals.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from South and Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority (2016070); the Research Council of Norway (grants 240476, 249988, and 262552); the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development, and demonstration under grant agreement no. 601055; and the Letten Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oslo University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Oslo, Norway

    Rune Enger, Erlend A. Nagelhus & Wannan Tang

  2. GliaLab and Letten Centre, Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

    Rune Enger, Erlend A. Nagelhus & Wannan Tang

  3. Research Group of the Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany

    Rolf Sprengel

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  1. Rune Enger
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  2. Rolf Sprengel
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  3. Erlend A. Nagelhus
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Correspondence to Erlend A. Nagelhus .

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  1. Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

    Espen Hartveit

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Enger, R., Sprengel, R., Nagelhus, E.A., Tang, W. (2019). Multiphoton Ca2+ Imaging of Astrocytes with Genetically Encoded Indicators Delivered by a Viral Approach. In: Hartveit, E. (eds) Multiphoton Microscopy. Neuromethods, vol 148. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9702-2_11

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