Abstract
Stem cell transplantation is a promising new therapeutic option in different neurological diseases. However, it is not yet possible to translate its potential from animal models to clinical application. One of the main problems of applying stem cell transplantation in clinical medium is the difficulty of detection, localization, and examination of the stem cells in vivo at both cellular and molecular levels. State-of-the-art molecular imaging techniques provide new and better means for noninvasive, repeated, and quantitative tracking of stem cell implant or transplant. From initial deposition to the survival, migration, and differentiation of the transplant/implanted stem cells, current molecular imaging methods allow monitoring of the infused cells in the same live recipient over time. The present review briefly summarizes and compares these molecular imaging methods for cell labeling and imaging in animal models as well as in clinical application and sheds light on consecutive new therapeutic options if appropriate.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Arvidsson A, Collin T, Kirik D et al (2002) Neuronal replacement from endogenous precursors in the adult brain after stroke. Nat Med 8:963–970
Bang OY, Lee JS, Lee PH, Lee G (2005) Autologous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in stroke patients. Ann Neurol 57:874–882
Karussis D, Karageorgiou C, Vaknin Dembinsky A et al (2010) Safety and immunological effects of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Arch Neurol 67:1187–1194
Lichtenwalnder RJ, Parent JM (2006) Adult neurogenesis and ischemic forebrain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 26:1–20
Martino G, Franklin RJM, Van Evercooren AB, Kerr DA (2010) Stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis: current status and future prospects. Nat Rev Neurol 6:247–255
Schaller B, Cornelius JF, Sandu N (2003) Molecular medicine successes in neurosciences. Mol Med 14:361–364
Arbab AS, Frank JA (2008) Cellular MRI and its role in stem cell therapy. Regen Med 3:199–215
Modo M, Hoehn M, Bulte J (2005) Cellular MR imaging. Mol Imaging 4:1–21
Schaller B (2004) Usefulness of positron emission tomography in diagnosis and treatment follow-up of brain tumors. Neurobiol Dis 15:437–448
Schaller BJ, Modo M, Buchfelder M (2007) Molecular imaging of brain tumors: a bridge between clinical and molecular medicine? Mol Imaging Biol 9:60–71
Sandu N, Momen-Heravi F, Sadr-Eshkevari P, Schaller B (2012) Molecular imaging for stem cell transplantation in neuroregenerative medicine. Neurodegener Dis 9:60–67
Bentz K, Molcanyi M, Hess S et al (2006) Neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells is induced by signalling from non-neural niche cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 18:275–286
Kornyei Z, Szlávik V, Szabó B, Gócza E, Czirók A, Madarász E (2005) Humoral and contact interactions in astroglia/stem cell co-cultures in the course of glia-induced neurogenesis. Glia 49:430–444
Nakano K, Migita M, Mochizuki H, Shimada T (2001) Differentiation of transplanted bone marrow cells in the adult mouse brain. Transplantation 71:1735–1740
Yu D, Silva GA (2008) Stem cell sources and therapeutic approaches for central nervous system and neural retinal disorders. Neurosurg Focus 24:E10
Bloor CM, White FC, Roth DM (1992) The pig as a model of myocardial ischemia and gradual coronary artery occlusion. In: Swindle M, Moody MM, Phillips DC, Ames LD (eds) Swine as models in biomedical research. Iowa State University Press, Iowa, pp 163–175
Hess DC, Abe T, Hill WD et al (2004) Hematopoietic origin of microglial and perivascular cells in brain. Exp Neurol 186:134–144
Rueger MA, Backes H, Walberer M et al (2010) Noninvasive imaging of endogenous neural stem cell mobilization in vivo using positron emission tomography. J Neurosci 30:6454–6460
Matusik E, Wajgt A, Janowska J et al (2009) Cell adhesion molecular markers in ischaemic stroke patients: correlation with clinical outcome and comparison with primary autoimmune disease. Arch Med Sci 5:182–189
Sandu N, Schaller B (2010) Stem cell transplantation in brain tumors: a new field for molecular imaging. Mol Med 16:33–37
Rudin M, Weissleder R (2003) Molecular imaging in drug discovery and development. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2:123–131
Solanki A, Kim JD, Lee KB (2008) Nanotechnology for regenerative medicine: nanomaterials for stem cell imaging. Nanomedicine (Lond) 3:567–578
Schaller BJ, Buchfelder M (2006) Neuroprotection in primary brain tumors: sense or nonsense? Expert Rev Neurother 6:723–730
Schaller B (2008) State-of-the-art-imaging methods to investigate the neurovascular mechanism in the origin of Alzheimer’s disease. Differential diagnostic evaluations to other types of dementia. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 4:585–612
Yamagata K, Urakami K, Ikeda K et al (2001) High expression of apolipoprotein EmRNA in the brains with sporadic Alzheimer’s disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 12:57–62
Yeh E, Gustafson K, Boulianne GL (1995) Green fluorescent protein as a vital marker and reporter of gene expression in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92:7036–7040
Schaller BJ, Cornelius JF, Sandu N, Buchfelder M (2008) Molecular imaging of brain tumors: personal experience and review of the literature. Curr Mol Med 8:711–712 200
Joyce N, Annett G, Wirthlin L et al (2010) Mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease. Regen Med 5:933–946
Koehne G, Doubrovin M, Doubrovina E et al (2003) Serial in vivo imaging of targeted migration of human HSV-TK-transduced antigen-specific lymphocytes. Nat Biotechnol 21:405–413
Gould SJ, Subramani S (1988) Firefly luciferase as a tool in molecular and cell biology. Anal Biochem 175:5–13
Keenan TM, Nelson AD, Grinager JR, Thelen JC, Svendsen CN (2010) Real time imaging of human progenitor neurogenesis. PLoS One 5:e13187
Massoud TF, Singh A, Gambhir SS (2008) Noninvasive molecular neuroimaging using reporter genes: part I, principles revisited. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 29:229–234
Tokuda T, Qureshi MM, Ardah MT et al (2010) Detection of elevated levels of {alpha}-synuclein oligomers in CSF from patients with Parkinson disease. Neurology 75:1766–1770
Gaura V, Bachoud-Levi A-C, Ribeiro M-J et al (2004) Striatal neural grafting improves cortical metabolism in Huntington’s disease patients. Brain 127:65–72
Lee BD, Shin JH, VanKampen J et al (2010) Inhibitors of leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 protect against models of Parkinson’s disease. Nat Med 16:998–1000
Ray P, Tsien R, Gambhir SS (2007) Construction and validation of improved triple fusion reporter gene vectors for molecular imaging of living subjects. Cancer Res 67:3085–3093
Tong L, Zhao H, He Z, Li Z (2013) Current perspectives on molecular imaging for tracking stem cell therapy, medical imaging in clinical practice. In: Erondu OF (ed) Medical imaging in clinical practice. InTech, London. https://doi.org/10.5772/53028
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Sandu, N., Rosemann, T., Schaller, B. (2019). Molecular Imaging and Tracking Stem Cells in Neurosciences. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Imaging and Tracking Stem Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2150. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/7651_2019_218
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/7651_2019_218
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-0626-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-0627-8
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols