Editorial board
Editor-in-Chief
Robert Gunzburg, MD, PhD, Antwerp, Belgium
Deputy Editors
Pedro Berjano, MD, PhD, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, Via Cristina Belgioioso, Milan, Italy (Spine Deformity)
Riccardo Cecchinato, MD, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy (Clinical Science)
Kim Edwards, PhD, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK (Statistics)
Maryem Ismael, Rabat, Morocco (Grand Rounds, Technical Notes and Case Reports)
Carlotta Martini, MD, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy (Special Issues)
Adriaan Vlok, MB, ChB, MMed (Neurosurgery), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape town, South Africa (Reviews & Meta-Analyses)
Hans-Joachim Wilke, PhD, Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany (Basic Science)
Salvatore Masala, MD, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy (Imaging)
Alberto Zerbi, MD, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy (Radiology)
Editorial Office
European Spine Journal
Mrs. Irene Zintel
Pfrundstrasse 36
3176 Neuenegg, Switzerland
Tel.: +41-31-889-0050
Fax: +41-31-889-0058
email: izintel@datacomm.ch
Statistics Task Force
J. Agu, Nottingham, UK
T. Bestwick-Stevenson, Nottingham, UK
O. Ifesemen, Nottingham, UK
B. Kazemi Shishavan, Nottingham, UK
B. Marson, Nottingham, UK
Editorial Task Force
A. Redaelli, Milan, Italy
Editorial Board
Scott Blumenthal, MD, Center for Disc Replacement at Texas Back Institute, Plano, USA
Claudio Lamartina, MD, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
Dino Samartzis, ScD, PhD, MSc, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
Marek Szpalski, MD, Hôpitaux Iris Sud/IRIS South Teaching Hospitals, Brussels, Belgium
Karen Weissmann, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
Frances Williams, MBBS, MRCP, PhD, FRCP(E), School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
Advisory Board
Emre Acaroglu, MD, Ankara Spine Center, Turkey
Emin Aghayev, MD, MSc, Schulthess Klinik, Switzerland
Yong Ahn, MD, PhD, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, South Korea
Ahmet Alanay, MD, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar Universitesi, Turkey
Hanne Albert, PhD, The Modic Clinic, Denmark
Luis Alvarez-Galovich, MD, Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Spain
Vincent Arlet, MD, University of Pennsylvania, United States
Christian Bach, MD, MSc, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
Massimo Balsano, MD, Dept. of Orthopaedics and Spine Center, Italy
Giuseppe Barbagallo, MD, Policlinico “G. Rodolico” University Hospital, Italy
Cédric Barrey, MD, PhD, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
Pavel Barsa, MD, PhD, Dept. of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter, Regional Hospital of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
Viktor Bartanusz, MD, PhD, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, United States
Thomas Barz, MD, University of Greifswald Faculty of Medicine: Universitatsmedizin Greifswald, Germany
Teresa Bas, MD, PhD, Hospital Universitarío y Politécnico La Fe, Spain
Haluk Berk, MD, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Turkey
Chirag Berry, MD, University of Cincinnati/Cincinnati VA Medical Center, United States
Christof Birkenmaier, MD, Department of Orthopedics, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Munich, Grosshadern Campus,
Germany
Ciaran Bolger, MB BCh BAO BAmod PhD FRCSI FRCS(SN), Beaumont Hospital, Ireland
Stefano Boriani, MD, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Italy
Wolfgang Börm, MD, PhD, Department of Neurosurgery, Diakonissenhospital, Flensburg, Germany
Marco Brayda-Bruno, MD, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Italy
Helena Brisby, MD, PhD, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden
Viola Bullmann, MD, St. Franziskus-Hospital, Germany
Mario Cabraja, MD, Vivantes Auguste-Viktoria-Klinikum, Germany
Xian-Hua Cai, MD, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, China
Gaston Camino-Willhuber, MD, Hospital for Special Surgery, United States
Christine Cedraschi, PhD, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland
Stefano Cervellati, MD, Hesperia Hospital, Italy
Yann Philippe Charles, MD, University Hospital of Strasbourg, France
Christopher Colloca, DC, PhD, International Spine Research (INSPIRE) Foundation, United States
Marco Crostelli, MD, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù Palidoro-Roma, Italy
Marcin Czyz, MD, QEHB: Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, United Kingdom
Helton Defino, PhD, University of São Paulo, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
Akira Dezawa, PhD, MD, Teikyo University - Mizonokuchi Hospital, Japan
Alberto Di Martino, MD, PhD, University of Bologna, Italy
Mario Di Silvestre, MD, Ospedale Santa Corona, Italy
Michael Dittmar, MD, PhD, CDColumna, Mexico
Ashish Diwan, MBBS FRACS PhD, University of New South Wales, Australia
Minoru Doita, MD, PhD, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
Patricia Dolan, PhD, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
Robert Dunn, MBChB(UCT) MMED (Orth) FCS (SA) Orth, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Tirunellai Easwar, MBBS, DNB(Orth.), MNAMS, Lakshmi Hospital, India
Achim Elfering, PhD, University of Berne, Switzerland
Anna Ermund, MSc, PhD, Sahlgrenska academy, Sweden
Jeremy Fairbank, MD, FRCS, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, United Kingdom
Tamás Fekete, MD, PhD, Schulthess Clinic, Switzerland
Stephen Ferguson, PhD, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Yizhar Floman, MD, Israel Spine Center, Israel
Jörg Franke, MD, Klinikum Dortmund gGmbH, Germany
Vijay Goel, PhD, University of Toledo, United States
Ziya Gokaslan, MD, FACS, Rhode Island Hospital, United States
Michael Goytan, BSc, MD, FRCSC, FACS, University of Manitoba, Canada
Mats Grönblad, MD, PhD, Terveystalo, Finland
David Hall, MB BS, FRACS, FAOrthA, Spinal Surgeon, Australia
D. Kojo Hamilton, MD, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States
Carol Hasler, MD, University Children's Hospital, Switzerland
Paul Heini, MD, Klinik Sonnenhof, Switzerland
Keita Ito, MD, PhD, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands
Liang Jiang, MD, Peking University Third Hospital, China
Wolfram Käfer, MD, PhD, RWZ, Germany
Rishi Kanna, MS MRCS FNB, Ganga Hospital, India
Mamoru Kawakami, MD, PhD, Kihoku Hospital, Japan
Dimitris Kletsas, MD, Laboratory of Cell Proliferation & Ageing, Greece
Heiko Koller, MD, Technische Universität München, Germany
Panagiotis Korovessis, MD, PhD, General Hospital Agios Andreas, Greece
Virginie Lafage, PhD, Hospital for Special Surgery, United States
Friederike Lattig, MD, Berit Paracelsus Klinik AG, Switzerland
Jean-Charles Le Huec, MD, Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, France
Isador Lieberman, MD, MBA, FRCSC, Texas Back Institute, United States
Baoge Liu, MD, PhD, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
Teija Lund, MD, PhD, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
Dante Marchesi, MD, Clinique Bois-Cerf, Switzerland
Joseph Margulies, MD, PhD, Spine Surgery, United States
William Marras, MD, Ohio State University, United States
H. Michael Mayer, MD, PhD, Orthopädische Klinik München-Harlaching, Germany
Jeb McAviney, MD, Sydney Scoliosis Clinic, Australia
Alison McGregor, MD, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
Jwalant Mehta, MS (Orth), D (Orth), FRCS (Orth),MCh (Or, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, United Kingdom
Hans Jörg Meisel, MD, PhD, BG-Clinic Bergmannstrost, Germany
Bernhard Meyer, MD, Technical University of Munich, Germany
Frerk Meyer, MD, Evangelisches Krankenhaus, Germany
Ernst Müller, MD, Klinikum Klagenfurt, Austria
Everard Munting, MD, PhD, Clinique Saint Pierre, Belgium
Sait Naderi, MD, Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
Cornelia Neidlinger-Wilke, PhD, University of Ulm, Germany
Colin Nnadi, FRCS (Orth), Oxford University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom
Susana Núñez-Pereira, MD PhD, Hospital Universitario de Donostia, Spain
John O'Dowd, FRCS, The RealHealth Institute, UK
Ibrahim Obeid, MD, ELSAN, Polyclinique Jean Villar Bruges, France
Acke Ohlin, MD, PhD, Skane University Hospital, Sweden
F.C. Öner, MD, UMC Utrecht, Netherlands
Luca Papavero, MD, PhD, Clinic for Spine Surgery, Schoen Clinic Hamburg Eilbek, Germany
Eric Parent, PT, PhD, University of Alberta, Canada
Sung Bae Park, MD, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, South Korea
Hugues Pascal-Moussellard, MD, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, France
Paul Pavlov, MD, Sint Maartenskliniek, Netherlands
Ferran Pellisé-Urquiza, PhD, Hospital Valle Hebron, Spain
Michael Pfeiffer, PhD, MD, Kreiskrankenhaus Lörrach, Germany
Luiz Pimenta, MD, PhD, IPC - Instituto de Patologia da Coluna, Brazil
Joao Luiz Pinheiro-Franco, MD, Samaritano Hospital, Brazil
Avraam Ploumis, MD, University of Ioannina Medical School, Greece
Franco Postacchini, MD, University or Rome, Italy, Italy
Bang-ping Qian, MD, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, China
Yong Qiu, MD, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, China
S. Rajasekaran, MS, DNB, MCh, FRCS, PhD, Ganga Medical Centre and Hospitals Pvt Ltd, India
Pierre Roussouly, MD, CMCR des Massues, France
Dike Ruan, PhD, MD, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, China
George Sapkas, MD, Athens Medical School, Greece
Helena Saraste, MD, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden
Constantin Schizas, MD, FRCS, Clinique Cecil, Switzerland
René Schmidt, MD, Alb Fils Hospital, Germany
Werner Schmoelz, PhD, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
Klaus Schnake, MD, Malteser Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Germany
Masood Shafafy, MD, Queens Medical Centre, United Kingdom
Francis Shen, MD, University of Virginia, United States
Christoph Siepe, MD, Schön Clinic Munich Harlaching, Germany
Jean-Paul Steib, MD, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France
Thomas Stoll, MD, Bethesda-Spital, Switzerland
Marco Teli, MD, Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Carlos Tello, MD, Hospital de Pediatria Garrahan, Argentina
Patrick Tropiano, MD, CHU Hôpital Nord, France
Christian Ulbricht, MD, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, United Kingdom
Christoph Ulrich, MD, Klinik am Eichert, Germany
Erik Van de Kelft, MD, AZ Nikolaas, Belgium
Barend van Royen, MD, PhD, Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra, Netherlands
Maurits van Tulder, MD, VU University, Netherlands
Rok Vengust, MD, UMC, Slovenia
Luiz Vialle, MD, Catholic University, PARANA, BRAZIL, Brazil
Carlos Villanueva, MD, PhD, Hospital Vall dHebron, Spain
Jean-Marc Vital, MD, CHU Pellegrin Tripode, France
Edward Vresilovic, MD, PhD, Camber Spine, United States
John Webb, MD, Queen's Medical Centre, United Kingdom
David Welsh, FRCS FCS (SA) Neuro, Groote Schuur Hospital, South Africa
David Wong, MD, MSc, FRCS(C), Denver Spine Surgeons, United States
Reinhard Zeller, MD, ScD, FRCSC, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
Mehmet Zileli, MD, IFAANS, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
Michael Zindrick, MD, Hinsdale Orthopaedic Associates, USA
Assistant Editorial Board
Sashin Ahuja, MD, Welsh Centre for Spinal Trauma & Surgery, United Kingdom
Mohamed Alhashash, MD, Zentralklinik Bad Berka, Germany
Heba Ali, MD, Open MRI for Spine Surgery Center, United Arab Emirates
Gabriel Alonso Cuéllar, DVM, MSc, Latin American Endoscopic Spine Surgeons - LESS Invasiva Academy., Colombia
Rodrigo Amaral, MD, Instituto de Patologia da Coluna (IPC), Brazil
Takeshi Aoyama, MD, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Japan
Richard Assaker, MD, PhD, Hôpital Salengro - CHRU de Lille, France
Ayman Assi, PhD, Faculty of Medicine, University of Saint-Joseph, Lebanon
Ufuk Aydinli, MD, Verom Spine Center, Turkey
Ali Baaj, MD, The University of Arizona Medical Center, United States
Juan Bago, MD, PhD, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Spain
Giovanni Barbanti-Brodano, MD, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Italy
Roberto Bassani, MD, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Italy
Ahmet Bekar, MD, Uludag University School of Medicine, Turkey
Ernesto Bersusky, MD, Garrahan Pediatric Hospital, Argentina
Amit Bhandarkar, MD, Heartland Regional Medical Center, USA
Gergely Bodon, MD, Klinikum Esslingen, Germany
James Booth, MD, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Aju Bosco, MS(Orth), DNB, FNB(Spine Surgery), Madras Medical College, India
Anouar Bourghli, MD, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Saudi Arabia
Patawut Bovonratwet, MD, Hospital for Special Surgery LLC, United States
Sergio Brambilla, MD, Istituto Ortopedico Gaetano Pini, Italy
Stephen Brown, PhD, University of Guelph, Canada
Hani Chanbour, MD, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
Kshitij Chaudhary, MD, Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre, India
Jacek Cholewicki, PhD, Michigan State University Center for Orthopedic Research, United States
Maria Colomina, MD, PhD, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Spain
George Cornwall, PhD, PEng, University of San Diego, USA
Giuseppe Costanzo, MD, Rome university, Italy
John Cunningham, BSc(Hons) MBBS MClinEpi FRACS FAOrthA, Epworth Richmond, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia
Benny Dahl, MD, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Bart Depreitere, MD, PhD, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
Tobias Dietrich, MD, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Switzerland
Aaron Dumont, MD, Tulane University, United States
Tarek Elfiky, MD, Al-Hadra University Hospital, Alexandria University, Egypt
Ufuk Erginoglu, MD, University of Wisconsin, USA
Peer Eysel, MD, Klinikum der Universität zu Köln, Germany
Majid Farrokhi, MD, Neurosciences Research Center, Chamran Hospital, Iran
Mazda Farshad, MD, MPH, Balgrist University Hospital, Switzerland
Antonio Faundez, MD, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Switzerland
Michael Fehlings, MD, PhD, FRCSC, FACS, University of Toronto, Canada
Florinda Ferreri, MD, University Campus Biomedico, Italy
Matteo Formica, MD, Clinica Ortopedica - Ospedale Policlinico San Martino - Genova, Italy
Daryl Fourney, MD, FRCSC, FACS, University of Saskatchewan, Royal University Hospital, Canada
Julie Fritz, MD, University of Utah, United States
Peter Fritzell, MD, PhD, Futurum academy, Jönköping, Sweden
Takeo Furuya, MD, PhD, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
Fabio Galbusera, MD, Schulthess Klinik, Switzerland
Benjamin Gantenbein-Ritter, PhD, University of Bern, Switzerland
Diego Garbossa, MD PhD, Neurosurgery Division, Italy
Adrian Gardner, BM PhD MRCS FRCS (T+O), The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Alessandro Gasbarrini, MD, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Italy
Martin Gehrchen, MD, PhD, Rigshospitalet, The National University Hospital, Denmark
Federico Girardi, MD, Hospital for Special Surgery, United States
Mariusz Glowacki, MD, PhD, St. Elisabeth's Hospital in Warsawa, Poland
Atul Goel, MCh, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth G.S. Medical College, India
Augusto Gonzalvo, MD, Austin Health, Australia
Bernard Guiot, MD, Littleton Adventist Hospital, United States
Giancarlo Guizzardi, MD, University and City Hospital, Italy
Esam Hanafy, MBBCH, Master general surgery, MD Neurosurgery, Ain Shams University Egypt, Saudi Arabia
Nils Hansen-Algenstaedt, PhD, Parkklinik Manhagen, Germany
Ian Harding, BA, FRCS (Orth), North Bristol NHS Trust, United Kingdom
Frank Hartmann, MD, Gemeinschaftsklinikum Mittelrhein, Ev. Stift Koblenz, Germany
Daniel Haschtmann, MD, Schulthess Clinic, Switzerland
Oliver Hausmann, MD, Hirslanden Zentralschweiz, Klinik St. Anna, Switzerland
Ilkka Helenius, MD, PhD, Turku University Central Hospital, Finland
David Hukins, DSc, FRSE, Imperial College, United Kingdom
James Iatridis, PhD, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States
Haku Iizuka, MD, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, Japan
Brice Ilharreborde, MD, Robert Debré Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Diderot University, France
Bogi Jónsson, MD, University Hospiital Landspitalinn, Iceland
Sven Kantelhardt, MD, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Germany
Erich Kast, MD, Hirslanden Clinic Belair, Switzerland
Zdenek Klezl, MD, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Masao Koda, PhD, MD, Tsukuba Daigaku Igaku Iryokei, Japan
Petra Krepler, MD, Medical University, Austria
Felix Kuhn, MD, Klinik Bethanien, Switzerland
Naresh Kumar, FRCS Ed., FRCS(Orth&Tr.), DM(Orth-Nott), National University Hospital, Singapore
Palaniappan Lakshmanan, MS (Orth), FRCS (Orth), Sunderland Royal Hospital, United Kingdom
Luigi La Barbera, M.Eng, PhD, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
Aron Lazary, MD, PhD, National Center for Spinal Disorders, Hungary
Lawrence Lenke, MD, The Daniel and Jane Och Spine Hospital, Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, United States
Kurt Lippuner, MD, Inselspital, Switzerland
Satyajit Marawar, MD, Syracuse VA Medical Center, United States
Luis Marchi, PhD, UNIFESP, Brazil
Rosario Maugeri, PhD, MD, University of Palermo, Italy
S. Mehdian, MD, MS(Orth), FRCS(Ed), Emert professor ( Self Employed), United Kingdom
Markus Melloh, MD, DMedSc, MPH, PhD, MBA, Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften, Switzerland
James Melrose, BSc (Hons) PhD, Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research,
University of Sydney, Australia
Tong Meng, MD, Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, China
Hani Mhaidli, MD, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria, Spain
Lotfi Miladi, MD, Necker Hospital, France
Jorge Mineiro, MD, Hospital CUF Descobertas, Portugal
Salvatore Minnella, MD, ISICO (Italian Scientific Spine Institute), Italy
Hiroshi Miyamoto, MD, PhD, Kobe Rosai Hospital, Japan
Hideki Nagashima, MD, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Japan
Stefano Negrini, MD, Universita degli Studi di Milano Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Italy
David Nuckley, MD, Zimmer Spine, United States
Thierry Odent, PhD, MD, Hopital Gatien de Clocheville, CHRU de Tours, France
Philippe Otten, MD, Clinique Générale de Fribourg, Switzerland
Dror Ovadia, MD, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Israel
Paolo Parchi, MD, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi / University of Pisa, Italy
Jong-Beom Park, Md, PhD, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, South Korea
Mohit Patralekh, M.S (Orth), D.N.B (Orth), VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital: Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, India
Marko Pecina, MD, PhD, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Yun Peng, MD, NuVasive Inc, United States
Andrea Perna, MD, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Italy
Andrea Piazzolla, MD, School of Medicine, University of Bari "ALDO MORO", AOU Consorziale Policlinico, Department of Basic Medical
Sciences,Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Orthopaedic, Trauma & Spine Unit. Bari -ITALY, Italy
Tobias Pitzen, MD, SRH Klinikum Karlsbad-Langensteinbach gGmbH, Germany
Javier Pizones, MD, PhD, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Spain
Nasir Quraishi, MD, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom
Subaraman Ramchandran, MD, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, USA
Rudolf Reindl, MD, McGill University Health Center, Canada
Alejandro Reyes-Sanchez, MD, National Rehabilitation Center, Mexico
Dan Riew, MD, The Daniel & Jane Och Spine Hospital, United States
Michael Ruf, MD, SRH Klinikum Karlsbad-Langensteinbach, Germany
Antonino Russo, MD, University Hospital Birmingham, United Kingdom
Laura Scaramuzzo, MD, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Italy
Stefan Schaeren, MD, University Hospital Basel: Universitatsspital Basel, Switzerland
Matti Scholz, MD, BG Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Claudio Schonauer, MD PhD, Santa Maria delle Grazie Hospital, Italy
Miho Sekiguchi, MD, PhD, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
Aboulfazl Shirazi-Adl, MD, Ecole Polytechnique, Canada
Vladimir Sinkov, MD, Nevada Orthopedic and Spine Center, United States
Harvey Smith, MD, University of Pennsylvania, United States
Reuben Soh, MBBS, M.Med (Ortho), FRCS Ed (Ortho), KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
Dianwen Song, MD, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
Dilip Chand Raja Soundararajan, MS, FNB, Ganga Medical Centre and Hospitals Pvt Ltd, India
Victor Staartjes, MD, PhD, University Hospital Zurich: UniversitatsSpital Zurich, Switzerland
Jan Stulik, MD, PhD, University Hospital Motol, Czech Republic
Phani Kiran Surapuraju, MBBS, MS, DNB, FNB(Spine Surgery), Gleneagles Global Health City Chennai, India
Dominic Thompson, MD, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, United Kingdom
Alex Torrie, MD, Gloucester Royal Hospital, United Kingdom
Per Trobisch, MD, Eifelklinik St. Brigida, Germany
Parmenion Tsitsopoulos, MD, PhD, Hippokration General Hospital, Greece
Ji Tu, MD, University of New South Wales, St. George & Sutherland Clinical School, Australia
Mehmet Turgut, MD, PhD, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Turkey
Otavio Turolo da Silva, MD, University of Campinas, Brazil
Masashi Uehara, MD, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Japan
Julio Urrutia, MD, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Chile
Payman Vahedi, MD, Neurosurgery, Iran
Peter Vajkoczy, MD, Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
Emiliano Vialle, MD, Catholic University of Parana, Brazil
Xavier Vidal, MD, Institut Català de Farmacologia, Spain
Christophe Vidal, MD, MSc, Robert Debré Hospital, France
S. Vidyadhara, MD, Manipal Hospital, India
Massimiliano Visocchi, MD, Catholic University School of Medicine, Italy
Shaobai Wang, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital/Havard Medical School, United States
Douglas Wardlaw, MB ChB ChM FRCSEd, Retired, United Kingdom
William Welch, MD, FAANS, FACS, FICC, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
Bastian Welke, MD, Hannover Medical School, Germany
Richard Wohns, MD, JD, MBA, University of Washington, United States
Xiaoyu Yang, MD, PhD, MSc, Leiden University Medical Center: Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Netherlands
Huabin Yin, MD, Shanghai general hospital, China
Sangwook Yoon, MD, PhD, Emory University, United States
Fabio Zaina, MD, ISICO, Italy
Andrea Zanirato, MD, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Italy
Baron Zárate-Kalfópulos, MD, National Rehabilitation Center Mexico, Mexico
Yaowu Zhang, MD, Ph.D, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Aristeidis Zibis, MD, University of Thessaly Faculty of Medicine Department of Anatomy, Greece
Honorary Editor
S. Nazarian, Marseille, France