1. Understanding the variation of stratosphere–troposphere coupling during stratospheric northern annular mode events from a mass circulation perspective

   • Yueyue Yu
   • Rongcai Ren

   Original Article 21 February 2019 Pages: 5141 - 5164

   

2. Observed structural relationships between ocean chlorophyll variability and its heating effects on the ENSO

   • Rong-Hua Zhang
   • Feng Tian
   • Xianbiao Kang

   Original Article 11 June 2019 Pages: 5165 - 5186

   

3. Decadal change in the sea level pressure prediction skill over the Mediterranean region and its contribution to downstream surface air temperature prediction

   • Jianqi Sun
   • Mengqi Zhang

   OriginalPaper 21 June 2019 Pages: 5187 - 5202

   

4. Possible impact of North Atlantic warming on the decadal change in the dominant modes of winter Eurasian snow water equivalent during 1979–2015

   • Chenghu Sun
   • Ruonan Zhang
   • Song Yang

   OriginalPaper 06 July 2019 Pages: 5203 - 5213

   

5. Numerical study on the climatic effect of the lake clusters over Tibetan Plateau in summer

   • Yang Wu
   • Anning Huang
   • Shuxin Cai

   OriginalPaper Open access 21 June 2019 Pages: 5215 - 5236

   

6. Fast SST error growth in the southeast Pacific Ocean: comparison between high and low-resolution CCSM4 retrospective forecasts

   • Isabel Porto da Silveira
   • Paquita Zuidema
   • Benjamin Paul Kirtman

   OriginalPaper 19 June 2019 Pages: 5237 - 5251

   

7. Impacts of mid-latitude circulation on winter precipitation over the Arabian Peninsula

   • Sajjad Saeed
   • Mansour Almazroui

   OriginalPaper 19 June 2019 Pages: 5253 - 5264

   

8. Long-term ENSO relationship to precipitation and storm frequency over western Himalaya–Karakoram–Hindukush region during the winter season

   • Shahzad Kamil
   • Mansour Almazroui
   • Fahad Saeed

   OriginalPaper 19 June 2019 Pages: 5265 - 5278

   

9. Assessment of the Atlantic water layer in the Arctic Ocean in CMIP5 climate models

   • Qi Shu
   • Qiang Wang
   • Fangli Qiao

   OriginalPaper Open access 29 June 2019 Pages: 5279 - 5291

   

10. The direct effects of black carbon aerosols from different source sectors in East Asia in summer

    • B. L. Zhuang
    • H. M. Chen
    • M. Zhao

    OriginalPaper Open access 24 June 2019 Pages: 5293 - 5310

    

11. Changes of MJO propagation characteristics under global warming

    • Jingxuan Cui
    • Tim Li

    OriginalPaper 25 June 2019 Pages: 5311 - 5327

    

12. Nonstationary warm spell frequency analysis integrating climate variability and change with application to the Middle East

    • Taha B. M. J. Ouarda
    • Christian Charron
    • Ghouse Basha

    OriginalPaper 24 June 2019 Pages: 5329 - 5347

    

13. Sensitivity determined simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters in coupled models: part I—based on single model component sensitivities

    • Yuxin Zhao
    • Xiong Deng
    • Chang Liu

    OriginalPaper 27 June 2019 Pages: 5349 - 5373

    

14. Characteristics of summer heat stress in China during 1979‒2014: climatology and long-term trends

    • Ming Luo
    • Ngar-Cheung Lau

    OriginalPaper 06 July 2019 Pages: 5375 - 5388

    

15. Attribution of ocean temperature change to anthropogenic and natural forcings using the temporal, vertical and geographical structure

    • Roberto A. F. Bilbao
    • Jonathan M. Gregory
    • Peter Stott

    OriginalPaper Open access 31 July 2019 Pages: 5389 - 5413

    

16. Evaluation of CMIP5 climate model projections for surface wind speed over the Indian Ocean region

    • Soumya Mohan
    • Prasad K. Bhaskaran

    OriginalPaper 27 June 2019 Pages: 5415 - 5435

    

17. Roles of moisture sources and transport in precipitation variabilities during boreal summer over East China

    • Qu-cheng Chu
    • Rong Zhi
    • Guo-lin Feng

    OriginalPaper 19 July 2019 Pages: 5437 - 5457

    

18. Evaluation of CMIP5 ability to reproduce twentieth century regional trends in surface air temperature and precipitation over CONUS

    • Jinny Lee
    • Duane Waliser
    • Kenneth E. Kunkel

    OriginalPaper 16 July 2019 Pages: 5459 - 5480

    

19. Using indices of atmospheric circulation to refine southern Australian winter rainfall climate projections

    • Michael R. Grose
    • Scott Foster
    • Louise Wilson

    OriginalPaper 27 June 2019 Pages: 5481 - 5493

    

20. Forecast of summer precipitation in the Yangtze River Valley based on South China Sea springtime sea surface salinity

    • Lili Zeng
    • Raymond W. Schmitt
    • Dongxiao Wang

    OriginalPaper Open access 04 July 2019 Pages: 5495 - 5509

    

21. A humidity index for the summer monsoon transition zone in East Asia

    • Jian Zeng
    • Qiang Zhang

    OriginalPaper 30 July 2019 Pages: 5511 - 5527

    

22. A coupled moisture-dynamics model of the Madden–Julian oscillation: convection interaction with first and second baroclinic modes and planetary boundary layer

    • Tim Li
    • Feng Hu

    OriginalPaper 16 July 2019 Pages: 5529 - 5546

    

23. Understanding the interannual variations of the zonal mean Indian summer monsoon seasonal rainfall

    • Sarvesh Dubey
    • Vasubandhu Misra

    OriginalPaper 05 July 2019 Pages: 5547 - 5559

    

24. Season-dependent predictability barrier for two types of El Niño revealed by an approach to data analysis for predictability

    • Meiyi Hou
    • Wansuo Duan
    • Xiefei Zhi

    OriginalPaper Open access 06 July 2019 Pages: 5561 - 5581

    

25. Seasonal precipitation change in the Western North Pacific and East Asia under global warming in two high-resolution AGCMs

    • Chao-An Chen
    • Huang-Hsiung Hsu
    • Akio Kitoh

    OriginalPaper 05 July 2019 Pages: 5583 - 5605

    

26. Enhanced impact of Arctic sea ice change during boreal autumn on the following spring Arctic oscillation since the mid-1990s

    • Shangfeng Chen
    • Renguang Wu
    • Wen Chen

    OriginalPaper 03 July 2019 Pages: 5607 - 5621

    

27. The CO₂-induced sensible heat changes over the Tibetan Plateau from November to April

    • Xia Qu
    • Gang Huang
    • Lihua Zhu

    OriginalPaper 04 July 2019 Pages: 5623 - 5635

    

28. Interannual linkage between wintertime sea-ice cover variability over the Barents Sea and springtime vegetation over Eurasia

    • Liuqing Ji
    • Ke Fan

    OriginalPaper 02 July 2019 Pages: 5637 - 5652

    

29. Natural decadal sea-level variability in the Indian Ocean: lessons from CMIP models

    • A. G. Nidheesh
    • Matthieu Lengaigne
    • R. Krishnan

    OriginalPaper 05 July 2019 Pages: 5653 - 5673

    

30. Effect of atmospheric circulation on recent temperature changes in Finland

    • Jouni Räisänen

    OriginalPaper Open access 08 July 2019 Pages: 5675 - 5687

    

31. Dominant modes of winter precipitation variability over Central Southwest Asia and inter-decadal change in the ENSO teleconnection

    • Sapna Rana
    • James McGregor
    • James Renwick

    OriginalPaper 04 July 2019 Pages: 5689 - 5707

    

32. The sensitivity of climatological SST to slab ocean model thickness

    • Zaiyu Wang
    • Edwin K. Schneider
    • Natalie J. Burls

    OriginalPaper 15 July 2019 Pages: 5709 - 5723

    

33. Effect of the mean flow on the anomalous anticyclone over the Indo-Northwest Pacific in post-El Niño summers

    • Kaiming Hu
    • Gang Huang
    • Shang-Min Long

    OriginalPaper 13 July 2019 Pages: 5725 - 5741

    

34. Covariations between the Indian Ocean dipole and ENSO: a modeling study

    • Hui Wang
    • Arun Kumar
    • Knut L. Seip

    OriginalPaper 17 July 2019 Pages: 5743 - 5761

    

35. Assessing the skill of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) in a decadal prediction experiment

    • George J. Boer
    • Reinel Sospedra-Alfonso

    OriginalPaper Open access 22 July 2019 Pages: 5763 - 5775

    

36. Seasonal predictions initialised by assimilating sea surface temperature observations with the EnKF

    • Yiguo Wang
    • François Counillon
    • Yongqi Gao

    OriginalPaper Open access 23 July 2019 Pages: 5777 - 5797

    

37. Frequency of extreme El Niño and La Niña events under global warming

    • Sajedeh Marjani
    • Omid Alizadeh-Choobari
    • Parviz Irannejad

    OriginalPaper 24 July 2019 Pages: 5799 - 5813

    

38. How does ENSO diversity limit the skill of tropical Pacific precipitation forecasts in dynamical seasonal predictions?

    • Soo-Jin Sohn
    • Chi-Yung Tam
    • Jong-Seong Kug

    OriginalPaper 26 July 2019 Pages: 5815 - 5831

    

39. What can we know about future precipitation in Africa? Robustness, significance and added value of projections from a large ensemble of regional climate models

    • Alessandro Dosio
    • Richard G. Jones
    • Bruce Hewitson

    OriginalPaper Open access 20 July 2019 Pages: 5833 - 5858

    

40. Projected changes in temperature, precipitation, and their extremes over China through the RegCM

    • Chen Lu
    • Guohe Huang
    • Xiuquan Wang

    OriginalPaper 27 July 2019 Pages: 5859 - 5880

    

41. The climatology and trend of black carbon in China from 12-year ground observations

    • Yong Zhang
    • Yanan Li
    • Hongbin Chen

    OriginalPaper 19 July 2019 Pages: 5881 - 5892

    

42. Surface pressure and elevation correction from observation and multiple reanalyses over the Tibetan Plateau

    • Qinglong You
    • Yuntao Bao
    • G. W. K. Moore

    OriginalPaper 23 July 2019 Pages: 5893 - 5908

    

43. Regional modeling of surface mass balance on the Cook Ice Cap, Kerguelen Islands (\(49^{\circ }\mathrm{S}\), \(69^{\circ }\mathrm{E}\))

    • Deborah Verfaillie
    • Vincent Favier
    • Vincent Jomelli

    OriginalPaper 03 August 2019 Pages: 5909 - 5925

    

44. Salinity frontogenesis/frontolysis in the northeastern subtropical Pacific region

    • Shun Ohishi
    • Shota Katsura
    • Hidenori Aiki

    OriginalPaper 27 July 2019 Pages: 5927 - 5943

    

45. Summer hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea, Kattegat and Skagerrak projected in an ensemble of climate scenarios downscaled with a coupled regional ocean–sea ice–atmosphere model

    • M. Gröger
    • L. Arneborg
    • H. E. M. Meier

    OriginalPaper Open access 01 August 2019 Pages: 5945 - 5966

    

46. European marginal seas in a regional atmosphere–ocean coupled model and their impact on Vb-cyclones and associated precipitation

    • Naveed Akhtar
    • Amelie Krug
    • Bodo Ahrens

    OriginalPaper Open access 01 August 2019 Pages: 5967 - 5984

    

47. Impacts of the mid-latitude westerlies anomaly on the decadal sea level variability east of China

    • Kai Yu
    • Hailong Liu
    • Dongxiao Wang

    OriginalPaper 02 August 2019 Pages: 5985 - 5998

    

48. Tropical cyclone sensitivities to CO₂ doubling: roles of atmospheric resolution, synoptic variability and background climate changes

    • Gabriel A. Vecchi
    • Thomas L. Delworth
    • Xiaosong Yang

    OriginalPaper Open access 13 August 2019 Pages: 5999 - 6033

    

49. Multi-source forcing effects analysis using Liang–Kleeman information flow method and the community atmosphere model (CAM4.0)

    • ShunYu Jiang
    • HaiBo Hu
    • HaoKun Bai

    OriginalPaper Open access 02 August 2019 Pages: 6035 - 6053

    

50. Examining the salinity change in the upper Pacific Ocean during the Argo period

    • Guancheng Li
    • Yuhong Zhang
    • Jiang Zhu

    OriginalPaper Open access 02 August 2019 Pages: 6055 - 6074