1. Alternatives to allogeneic blood transfusions

   • Terri G. Monk

   Refresher Course Outline Pages: R3 - R9

2. Complications of regional blocks: what do we really know?

   • David L. Brown

   Refresher Course Outline Pages: R10 - R17

3. Adverse outcomes in ambulatory anesthesia

   • Frances Chung
   • Gabor Mezei

   Refresher Course Outline Pages: R18 - R34

4. Management of the severely head injured patient

   • Andrew J. Baker

   Refresher Course Outline Pages: R35 - R45

5. The prevention and treatment of cerebral ischemia

   • William L. Lanier

   Refresher Course Outline Pages: R46 - R56

6. Death in the ICU —the Halifax experience

   • Richard I. Hall
   • Patrick J. Duncan
   • Graeme Rocker

   Refresher Course Outline Pages: R57 - R69

7. Perioperative factors influencing surgical morbidity: what the anesthesiologist needs to know

   • F. Carli

   Referesher Course Outline Pages: R70 - R79

8. Awareness during anesthesia

   • Charles H. McLeskey

   Referesher Course Outline Pages: R80 - R87

9. The new relaxants: are they worth it?

   • David R. Bevan

   Refresher Course Outline Pages: R88 - R100

10. Anesthesia for minimally invasive surgery

    • Neal H. Badner

    Refresher Course Outline Pages: R101 - R110

11. Management of controversies in obstetric anesthesia

    • Alison Macarthur

    Refresher Course Outline Pages: R111 - R121

12. Practical pharmacokinetics as applied to our daily anesthesia practice

    • Pierre Fiset

    Refresher Course Outline Pages: R122 - R130

13. Risks and benefits of the practice of anesthesiology

    • Peter G. Duncan

    Refresher Course Outline Pages: R131 - R144

14. Anemia, hypoxia and hypercapnia thresholds. Lessons from physiological limits in critically ill patients

    • Brian P. Kavanagh

    Refresher Course Outline Pages: R145 - R155

15. Abstracts

    Abstract Pages: A3 - A69