Abstract
Healing from the traumatic impact of the neoliberal age entails an evolving process. Central to this process is the enactment of remembrance and mourning.1 Several documented cases verify that collective traumas linked to particularly inhumane atrocities return to “haunt” the group’s descendants.2 Studies have also shown that if a trauma has not been sufficiently spoken of and acknowledged at the time of its occurrence, traces of it can remain and surface in the family 50 or 100 years later.3 Remembering the trauma story includes a systematic review of the meaning of the event.4 Here, recovery from trauma requires the reconstruction of meaning and the rebuilding of hope. The therapeutic task involves accessing systems of symbolization that situate the traumatic experience within a new perceptual framework. Though fragmentation and dissociation often lay in the wake of cultural traumas, rituals of remembrance can facilitate healing. Public acts of commemoration thus serve as effective modalities of care for black Americans recovering from the traumatic impact of the neoliberal age.5 This chapter presents an African American rite known as the Maafa Commemoration that can be understood as a healing resource which is capable of helping black Americans transform the traumatic effects of racially driven neoliberalism.
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Notes
Judith Herman, Trauma and Recovery: The Aftermath of Violence— From Domestic Abuse to Political Terror (New York: Basic Books, 1992), 155.
Anne A. Schutzenberger, “Health and Death,” in Psychodrama with Trauma Survivors: Acting Out Your Pain, ed. Peter Felix Kellermann and M. K. Hudgins (Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2000), 287.
Jeffrey C. Alexander, “Toward a Theory of Cultural Trauma,” in Cultural Trauma and Collective Identity , ed. Jeffrey C. Alexander, Ron Eyerman, Bernhard Giesen, Neil J. Smelser, and Piotr Sztompka (Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2004), 7.
Kathleen Nader et al., Honoring Differences: Cultural Issues in the Treatment of Trauma and Loss (Philadelphia: Brunner/Mazel, 1999), xviii.
Stuart Hall, “The Meaning of the New Times,” in Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies ed. David Morley and Kuan-Hsing Chen (New York: Routledge, 1996), 235.
Hall, “Local and the Global: Globalization and Ethnicity,” in Dangerous Liaisons: Gender, Nation, and Postcolonial Perspectives , ed. Anne McClintock, Aamir Mufti, and Ella Shofat (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997), 184.
Samuel G. Freedman, Upon This Rock: The Miracles of a Black Church (New York: Harper Perennial, 1993), 117.
Monica Dennis, ed., Maafa Commemoration 10th Anniversary Newspaper (Brooklyn, NY: St. Paul Community Baptist Church, 2004), 4.
Peter Felix Kellermann, Sociodrama and Collective Trauma (Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2007), 67.
Peter Felix Kellermann and M. K. Hudgins, eds., Psychodrama with Trauma Survivors: Acting Out Your Pain (Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2000), 11.
Excerpt from recitation of “For the Millions,” at St. Paul Community Baptist Church during the 2008 Annual Maafa Commemoration. See Abiodun Oyewole, “For the Millions,” in The Last Poets on a Mission: Selected Poetry and a History of the Last Poets , ed. Abiodun Oyewole et al. (New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1996), 146.
M. K. Hudgins, “The Therapeutic Spiral Model: Treating PTSD in Action,” in Psychodrama with Trauma Survivors: Acting Out Your Pain , ed. Peter Felix Kellermann and M. K. Hudgins (Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2000), 250.
James H. Cone, “Blood on the Leaves,” lecture at annual Maafa Commemoration, St. Paul Community Baptist Church, Brooklyn, NY, September 22, 2008.
Malidoma Patrice Somé, The Healing Wisdom of Africa: Finding Life Purpose Through Nature, Ritual, and Community (New York: Jeremy P. Tarcher/Putnam, 1999), 150–151.
For more information about what modern physicists now call “M Theory,” see Michio Kaku, Parallel Worlds: A Journey Through Creation, Higher Dimensions, and the Future of the Cosmos (New York: Doubleday, 2005) and
Brian Greene, The Fabric of the Cosmos: Space Time, and the Texture of Reality (New York: Vintage Books, 2005).
See Chester Higgins, Jr., Feeling the Spirit: Searching the World for the People of Africa (New York: Bantam, 1994).
See Leith Mullings, “Race and Globalization,” in Transnational Blackness: Navigating the Global Color Line , ed. Manning Marable and Vanessa Agard-Jones (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008), 11–18.
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© 2016 Cedric C. Johnson
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Johnson, C.C. (2016). A Healing Journey. In: Race, Religion, and Resilience in the Neoliberal Age. Black Religion/Womanist Thought/Social Justice. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137526144_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137526144_5
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, New York
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