Abstract
The individuals now generally referred to as Pieds-Noirs — a term ‘in search of its roots’1 — represent a host of different groups, some of them with no common ancestry or territory apart from those forged in Algeria.2 These are people of French and foreign immigrant stock; those in the latter category were from different European and Mediterranean countries and it was in Algeria that many of them acquired French nationality, even if they continued to identify both with the places they settled in and those associated with their origins. On leaving Algeria they found themselves lumped together according to their links with the past and labeled Pieds-Noirs — a category not acceptable to all of them.
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Notes
Michèle Assante, ‘Pied-Noir: une expression en quête d’origine’, Cahiers d’anthropologie et de biométrie humaine, 3 (1987): 219–30.
Michèle Baussant, Pieds-Noirs: mémoires d’exils (Paris, 2002);
Fanny Colonna, ‘Algérie 1830–1962: quand l’exil efface jusqu’au nom de l’ancêtre’, Ethnologie Française, 37 (2007): 501–7.
Andrea L. Smith, Colonial Memory and Postcolonial Europe: Maltese Settlers in Algeria and France (Bloomington, 2006);
Vincent Crapanzano, Les Harkis: mémoires sans issue (Paris, 2012), 21.
Yann Scioldo-Zürcher, ‘Existe-t-il une vision pied-noir des rapports Franco-Algériens?’, in Frédéric Abécassis, Gilles Boyer, Benoît Falaize, Gilbert Meynier, and Michelle Zancarini-Fournel, eds, La France et l’Algérie: leçons d’histoire (Lyon, 2007), 171–85;
Yann Sciodo-Zürcher, Devenir métropolitain: politique d’intégration et parcours de rapatriés d’Algérie en métropole (1954–2005) (Paris, 2010).
Clarisse Buono, Pieds-Noirs de père en fils (Paris, 2004).
See, for another case, Christine Chivallon, L’esclavage, du souvenir à la mémoire: contribution à une anthropologie de la Caraïbe (Paris, 2012), 72.
Joelle Hureau, La mémoire des Pieds-Noirs de 1830 à nos jours (Paris, 1987);
Chantal Cazottes-Cuillé, La religion des Pieds-Noirs de 1930 à 1962 (PhD dissertation, University of Montpellier, 1989); Baussant, Pieds-Noirs.
Jean-Jacques Jordi, ‘Les Pieds-Noirs: constructions identitaires et réinvention des origins’, Hommes et migrations, 1236 (2002): 14–25.
André Lanly, Le Français d’Afrique du Nord (Paris, 1970).
Lucienne Martini, Racines de papier: essai sur l’expression littéraire de l’identité pieds-noirs (Aix-en-Provence, 1997).
See especially, Valérie Esclangon-Morin, Les rapatriés d’Afrique du Nord de 1956 à nos jours (Paris, 2007).
Alain Amato, Monuments en exil (Versailles, 1979).
This reflects the predominantly Spanish origins of the European population of the Oran region. This was not the case elsewhere in Algeria. See Jean-Jacques Jordi, Espagnol en Oranie: histoire d’une migration 1830–1914 (Calvisson, 1996).
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© 2016 Michèle Baussant
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Baussant, M. (2016). Pied-Noir Pilgrimages, Commemorative Spaces, and Counter-Memory. In: Borutta, M., Jansen, J.C. (eds) Vertriebene and Pieds-Noirs in Postwar Germany and France. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137508416_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137508416_11
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