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The proton-neutron mass-difference according to meson-theory

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Il Nuovo Cimento (1955-1965)

Summary

The proton-neutron mass difference is calculated assuming that it is due to a mixed mesic-electromagnetic self-energy. The self-energies of the proton and neutron are calculated in thee 2 f 2 approximation on grounds of meson theory both for ps and pv coupling. To make these finite the form factor suggested byArnous andHeitler is applied to all three (nucleon-meson, nucleon-photon, and meson-photon) interactions. It corresponds to a cut-off of the virtual momenta atK (of orderM = nucleon mass), when the particle is at rest and is therefore a generalization of the extended source model. To carry through the otherwise extremely complicated calculation a further crude approximation is made, namely an expansion ∼1/M. For both couplings the correct sign is obtained but in the ps case the result is too small by a factor 100. In the pv case the correct order of magnitude is obtained but the numerical value is still too small (by a factor of at least 5 or so) to overcompensate the purely electromagnetic self-energy of the proton. A comparison with the earlier work ofFeynman andSpeisman shows that the latter is not in agreement with the results of meson theory.

Riassunto

Si calcola la differenza di massa tra protone e neutrone assumendola dovuta a una autoenergia mista mesico-elettromagnetica. Le autoenergie del protone e del neutrone si calcolano nell’approssimazionee 2 f 2 in base alla teoria mesonica sia per l’accoppiamento ps che per l’accoppiamento pv. Per renderne le espressioni finite si applica alle tre interazioni (nucleone-mesone, nucleone-fotone e mesone-fotone) il fattore di forma proposto daArnous eHeitler. Questo corrisponde a un taglio dei momenti virtuali a un valoreK (di ordineM = massa nucleonica), quando la particella è a riposo e rappresenta pertanto una generalizzazione del modello di sorgente estesa. Per poter eseguire il calcolo, altrimenti estremamente complicato, si ricorre ad un’ulteriore grossolana approssimazione, cioè ad uno sviluppo in serie di 1/M. Si ottiene il segno corretto per ambi gli accoppiamenti, ma nel caso ps il risultato è troppo piccolo per un fattore 100. Nel caso pv si ottiene il corretto ordine di grandezza ma il valore numerico risulta anche già troppo piccolo (per un fattore di almeno 5) per sovracompensare la pura energia elettromagnetica del protone. Il confronto coi precedenti lavori diFeynman e diSpeisman fa vedere come questi non concordino coi risultati della teoria mesonica.

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O’Raifeartaigh, L., Średniawa, B. & Terreaux, C. The proton-neutron mass-difference according to meson-theory. Nuovo Cim 14, 376–396 (1959). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02728322

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02728322

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