Abstract
The emergence of influenza viruses resistant to sialidase (neuraminidase, NA) inhibitors (NAIs) upon treatment is observed at low frequencies in adult immunocompetent patients, and does not impact significantly the evolution of influenza syndrome. In contrast, the development of resistance to NAIs is of clinical concern in immunocompromised patients and in patients with zoonotic influenza. Resistance mutations affect residues that are close to or belong to the catalytic site of the enzyme. Structural data provide clues about the subtype specificity of resistance mutations and the absence of cross-resistance to oseltamivir and zanamivir. Experimental data pointed to a negative impact of resistance mutations on viral fitness and transmissibility. However, H1N1 viruses naturally resistant to oseltamivir did emerge and spread in 2007–2008, which compromises the clinical effectiveness of the drug. This unexpected event stresses the need for a close surveillance of the impact of genetic drift on the susceptibility of influenza viruses to NAIs and for the further development of novel anti-influenza drugs.
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We are very grateful to Jeffrey Dyason and Mark von Itzstein for providing Fig. 1.
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Rameix-Welti, MA., Munier, S., Naffakh, N. (2012). Resistance Development to Influenza Virus Sialidase Inhibitors. In: von Itzstein, M. (eds) Influenza Virus Sialidase - A Drug Discovery Target. Milestones in Drug Therapy. Springer, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-8927-7_8
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