Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of Estrogen on Growth Factors in Bone

  • Conference paper
Sex Steroids and Bone

Part of the book series: Ernst Schering Research Foundation Workshop ((SCHERING FOUND,volume 9))

  • 307 Accesses

Abstract

Post menopausal bone loss occurs when coupling between bone formation and bone resorption is no longer balanced. Estrogen replacement therapy results in decreased bone turnover, decreased bone resorption, and decreased fracture occurrence in postmenopausal osteoporosis. While in vivo experiments and clinical trials clearly show that estrogen treatment results in inhibition of bone resorption and new bone formation, in vitro experiments have not provided clearcut clues to the mechanisms by which estrogen exerts its effects on bone. Data suggest that estrogen may act on bone by several mechanisms, either directly through estrogen receptors, indirectly through other cells besides bone cells, and in concert with other factors and hormones such as the progesterones.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Ammann P, Rizzoli R, Bonjour JP (1991) Chronic infusion of IGF-I increases bone mineral density (BMD) evaluated sequentially by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in ovariectomized (OVX) osteopenic rats. J Bone Miner Res 6 [Suppl 1]: S218 (abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Antonelli-Orlidge A, Saunders KB, Smith SR, D’Amore PA (1989) An activated form of transforming growth factor beta is produced by coculture of endothelial cells and pericytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 4544–4548

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aronow M, Owen TA, Stein GS, Lian JB (1990) Estrogen inhibition of osteocalcin mRNA expression occurs in cultured rat osteoblasts only after formation of a mineralized extracellular matrix. J Bone Miner Res 5 [Suppl 2]: S273 (abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bain SD, Jensen E, Celino DL, Bailey MC, Lantry MM, Edwards MW (1993) High-dose gestagens modulate bone resorption and formation and enhance estrogen-induced endosteal bone formation in the ovariectomized mouse. J Bone Miner Res 8: 219–230

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bankson DD, Rifai N, Williams ME, Silverman LM, Gray TK (1989) Biochemical effect of 17-beta-estradiol on UMR-106 cells. Bone Miner 6: 55–63

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barbagallo M, Carbognanani E, Palummeri E, Chiavarini M, Pedrazzoni M, Bracchi PG, Passeri M (1989) The comparative effect of ovarian hormone administration on bone mineral status in oophorectomized rats. Bone 10: 113–116

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barengolts EI, Gajardo HF, Rosol TJ, D’Anza JJ, Pena M (1990) Effects of progesterone on post ovariectomy bone loss in aged rats. J Bone Miner Res 5: 1143–1147

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baxter RC, Martin JL (1986) Radioimmunoassay of growth hormone-dependent insulin-like growth factor binding protein in human plasma. J Clin Invest 12: 1504–1512

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baxter RC, Martin JL (1989) Binding proteins for the insulin-like growth fac- tors: Structure, regulation and function. Prog Growth Factor Res 1: 49–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck LS, Deguzman L, Lee WP, Xu Y, McFatridge LA, Gillett NA, Amento EP (1991) TGFI3 induces bone closure of skull defects. J Bone Miner Res 6: 1257–1265

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bellows CG, Aubin JE, Heersche JNM, Antosz ME (1986) Mineralized bone nodules formed in vitro from enzymatically released rat calvaria populations. Calcif Tissue Int 38: 143–154

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard O, Tsagris L, Rappaport R, Duval Beaupere G, Corvol M (1991) Age-dependent responsiveness of rabbit and human cartilage in sex steroids in vitro. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 40: 711–716

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bolander ME, Joyce ME, Boden SD, Oliver B, Heydemann A (1989) Estrogen receptor mRNA expression during fracture healing the rat detected by polymerase chain reaction amplification. J Bone Miner Res 4 [Suppl 11: S259 (abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonewald LF, Mundy GR (1990) Role of transforming growth factor-beta in bone remodeling. Clin Ortho Rel Res 250: 261–276

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonewald LF, Wakefield L, Oreffo ROC, Escobedo A, Twardzik DR, Mundy GR (1991) Latent forms of transforming growth factors derived from bone cultures: identification of a naturally occurring 100 kDa complex with similarity to recombinant latent TGF[3. Mol Endocrinol 5: 741–751

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bonewald LF, Kester MB, Schwartz Z, Swain LD, Khare A, Johnson TL, Leach KJ, Boyan BD (1992) Effects of combining transforming growth factor beta (TGFI3) and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 on differentiation of a human osteosarcoma (MG-63). J Biol Chem 267: 8943–8949

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Canalis EM (1980) Effect of insulin-like growth factor I on DNA and protein synthesis in cultured rat calvaria. J Clin Invest 66: 709–719

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carrascosa A, Corvol M, Tsagris L, Rappaport R (1981) Biological effect of estradiol on phosphatase activity in rabbit cultured chondrocytes. Pediatr Res 25: 1542 (abstract)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Centrella M, McCarthy TL, Canalis E (1991) Current concepts reveiw — transforming growth factor-beta and remodeling of bone. J Bone Joint Surg 73A: 1418–1428

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen TL, Bates RL, Dudley A, Hammonds GR, Amento EP (1991) Bone morphogenetic protein 2b: stimulation of growth and osteogenic phenotype in rat osteoblast-like cells: comparison with TGF(31. J Bone Miner Res 6: 1387–1393

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Christiansen C, Rus BJ (1990) 1713-Estradiol and continuous norethisterone: a unique treatment for established osteoporosis in elderly women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 71: 836–841

    Google Scholar 

  • Christiansen C, Rus BJ, Nilas L, Rodbro P, Deftos L (1985) Uncoupling of bone formation and resorption by combined oestrogen and progestogen therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Lancet 1: 800–801

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clemmons DR (1990) Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Trends Endocrinol Metab 1: 412–417

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Colletta AA, Wakefield LM, Howell FV, van Roozendaal KEP, Danielpour D, Ebbs SR, Sporn MB, Baum M (1990) Anti-oestrogens induced the secretion of active transforming growth factor beta from human fetal fibroblasts. Br J Cancer 62: 405–409

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Colvard D, Keeting P, Scott R, Spelsberg T, Riggs BL (1990) Effects of estrogen on growth and differentiation of normal human osteoblast-like cells in long-term human marrow cultures. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: 5683–5687

    Google Scholar 

  • Dallas SL, Park-Snyder S, Miyazono K, Twardzik D, Mundy GR, Bonewald LF (1993) Characterization and autoregulation of latent TGF(3 complexes in osteoblast-like cell lines: production of a latent complex lacking the latent TGF(3-binding protein (LTBP). J Biol Chem (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • De Mellow JSM, Baxter RC (1988) Growth hormone-dependent insulin-like growth factor ( IGF) binding protein both inhibits and potentiates IGF-Istimulated DNA synthesis in human skin fibroblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 156: 199–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Donahue LR, Hunter SJ, Sherblom AP, Rosen C (1990) Age-related changes in serum insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins in women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 71: 575–579

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eriksen EF, Colvard DS, Berg NJ, Graham ML, Mann KG, Spelsberg TC, Riggs BL (1988) Evidence of estrogen receptors in normal human osteoblast-like cells. Science 241: 84–86

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ernst M, Schmid C, Froesch ER (1987) 17-beta-estradiol stimulates proliferation and type I procollagen gene expression in primary osteoblasts. In: Osteoporosis. Christiansen C, Johansen J, Rüs BJ (eds) Osteopress, Copenhagen, pp 198–201

    Google Scholar 

  • Ernst M, Health JK, Rodan GA (1989a) Estradiol enhances insulin-like growth factor I mRNA and has anabolic effects in osteoblastic cells from rat calvariae and long bones. J Bone Miner Res 4 [Suppl 1]: S256 (abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ernst M, Schmid C, Froesch ER (1989b) Phenol red mimics biological action of estradiol: enhancement of osteoblast proliferation in vitro and type I collagen gene expression in bone and uterus of rats in vivo. J Steroid Biochem 33: 907–914

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Espevich T, Waage A, Faxvaag A, Shalaby MR (1990) Regulation of interleukin-2–6 production from T-cells: Involvement of interleukin- I and transforming growth factor-G3. Cell Immunol 126: 47–56

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farley JR, Tarbaux N, Murphy LA, Masuda T, Baylink DJ (1987) In vitro evidence that bone formation may be coupled to resorption by release of mitogens(s) from resorbing bone. Metabolism 36: 314–321

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fentiman IS, Caleffi M, Rodin A, Murby B, Fogelman I (1989) Bone mineral con- tent of women receiving tamoxifen for mastalgia. Br J Cancer 60: 262–264

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Finkelman RD, Eason AL, Bell NH, Baylink DJ (1992) Ovariectomy selectively reduces the concentration of transforming growth factor beta in rat bone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 12190–12193

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fornander T, Rutqvist LE, Sjoberg HE, Blomqvist L, Mattsoson A, Glas U (1990) Long-term adjuvant tamoxifen in early breast cancer: effect on bone mineral in postmenopausal women. J Clin Oncol 8: 1019–1024

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Froger-Gaillard B, Hossenlopp P, Adolphe M, Binoux M (1989) Production of insulin-like growth factor and their binding proteins by rabbit articular chondrocytes: relationships with cell multiplications. Endocrinology 124: 2365–2372

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher JC, Wilkinson R (1973) The effect of ethinyloestradiol on calcium and phosphorus metabolism of postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism. Clin Sci Mol Med 45: 785–802

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gentry LE, Webb NR, Lim JG, Brunner AM, Ranchalis JE, Twardzik DR, Lioubin MN, Marquardt-Purchio AF (1987) Type 1 transforming growth factor beta: amplified expression and secretion of mature and precursor polypeptides in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mol Cell Biol 7: 3418–3427

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Girasole G, Sakagami Y, Hustmyer FB, Yu XP, Derrigs HG, Boswell S, Peacock M, Boder G, Manolagas SC (1990) 17–13 estradiol inhibits cytokine induced IL-6 production by bone marrow stromal cells and osteoblasts. J Bone Miner Res 5 [Suppl 2]:S273 (abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Girasole G, Jilka RL, Passeri G, Boswell S, Boder G, Williams DC, Manolagas SC (1992) 17–13 Estradiol inhibits interleukin-6 production by bone marrow-derived stromal cells and osteoblasts in vitro. A potential mechanism for the antiosteoporotic effect of estrogens. J Clin Invest 89: 883–891

    Google Scholar 

  • Glick AB, Flanders KC, Danielpour D, Yuspa SH, Sporn MB (1989) Retinoic acid induces active transforming growth factor-(3 in cultured keratinocytes and mouse epidermis. Cell Regulation 1: 87–97

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gray TK, Flynn TC, Gray KM, Nabell LM (1987a) 17-beta-estradiol acts directly on the clonal osteoblastic cell line UMR-106. Proc Natl Acad USA 84: 6267–6271

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray TK, Korach K, Nabell LM, Flynn TC, Gray KM, Dodd RC, Sivam G, Williams ME, Cohen MS (1987b) Mechanisms of estradiol’s actions on bone. In: Osteoporosis. Christiansen C, Johansen J, Rus BJ (eds) Osteopress, Copenhagen, pp 513–526

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray TK, Lipes B, Linkhart T, Mohan S, Baylink D (1989a) Transforming growth factor beta mediates the estrogen induced inhibition of UMR-106 cell growth. Connect Tiss Res 20:23–32 °

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray TK, Mohan S, Linkhart TA, Baylink DJ (1989b) Estradiol stimulates in vitro secretion of insulin-like growth factors by the clonal osteoblastic cell line UMR-106. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 158: 407–412

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jennings JC, Mohan S (1990) Heterogeneity of latent-transforming growth fac- tor-beta isolated from bone matrix proteins. Endocrinology 126: 1014–1021

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jilka RL, Hangoc G, Girasole G, Passeri G, Williams DC, Abrams JS, Boyce B, Broxmeyer H, Manologas SC (1992) Increased osteoclast development after estrogen loss: mediation by interleukin-6. Science 25: 88–91

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan VC, Phelps E, Lindgren JU (1987) Effects of anti-estrogens on bone in castrated and intact female rats. Breast Cancer Res Treat 10: 31–35

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Joyce ME, Jingushi S, Bolander ME (1990) Transforming growth factor-beta in the regulation of fracture repair. Orthop Clin North Am 21: 199–209

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Joyce ME, Roberts AB, Sporn MB, Bolander ME (1990) Transforming growth factor ß and the initiation of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in the rat femur. J Cell Biol 110: 2195–2207

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kalu DN, Liu CC, Salerno E, Salih M, Echon R, Ray M, Hollis BW (1991) Insulin-like growth factor-I partially prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss: a comparative study with human parathyroid hormone (1–38). J Bone Miner Res 6: 5221 (abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kanzaki T, Olofsson A, Moren A, Wernstedt C, Hellman U, Miyazono K, Welsh CL, Heldin CH (1990) TGFß1 binding protein: a component of the large latent complex of TGF131 with multiple repeat sequences. Cell 61: 1051–1061

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keeting P, Scott R, Colvard D, Han IK, Spelsberg TC, Riggs BL (1991) Lack of a direct effect of estrogen on proliferation and differentiation of normal human osteoblast-like cells. J Bone Miner Res 6: 297–304

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kerhl H (1990) Pharmacokinetics of oestrogens and progestogens. Maturitas 12: 171–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Komm BS, Terpening CM, Benz DJ, Graeme KA, Gallegos A, Korc M, Greene GL, O’Malley BW, Haussler MR (1988) Estrogen binding, receptor mRNA, and biologic response in osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells. Science 241: 81–84

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • LaTour D, Mohan S, Linkhart TA, Baylink DJ, Strong DD (1990) Inhibitory insulin-like growth factor-binding protein: cloning, complete sequence, and physiological regulation. Mol Endocrinol 4: 1806–1814

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liel Y, Kraus S, Levy J, Shany S (1992) Evidence that estrogens modulate activity and increase the number of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D receptors in osteoblast-like cells (ROS 17/2.8). Endocrinology 130: 2597–2601

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lindahl A, Isgaard J, Isaksson OGP (1987) Growth hormone in vivo potentiates the stimulatory effect of insulin-like growth factor-I in vitro on colony formation of epiphyseal chondrocytes isolatd from hypophysectomized rats. Endocrinology 121: 1070–1075

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lindsay R, Hart DM, Purdie D, Ferguson MM, Clark AS, Kraszewski A (1978) Comparative effects of oestrogen and progestogen on bone loss in postmenopausal women. Clin Sci Mol Med 54: 193–195

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Linkhart TA, Mohan S (1989) Parathyroid hormone stimulates release of insulin-like growth factor-I ( IGF-I) and IGF-II from neonatal mouse calvaria in organ culture. Endocrinology 125: 1484–1491

    Google Scholar 

  • Linkhart TA, Jennings JC, Mohan S, Wakely GK, Baylink DJ (1986) Charac- terization of mitogenic activities extracted from bone matrix. Bone 7: 479–487

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Love RR, Mazess RB, Barden HS, Epstein S, Newcomb PA, Jordan VC, Carbone PP, Demets DL (1988) Effects of tamoxifen on bone mineal density in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 81: 1086–1088

    Google Scholar 

  • Love RR, Mazess RB, Tormey DC, Barden HS, Newcomb PA, Jordan VC (1992) Bone mineral density in women with breast cancer treated with adjuvant tamoxifen for at least two years. Breast Cancer Res Treat 12: 297–301

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luyten FP, Cunningham NS, Ma S, Muthukumaran N, Hammonds Jr RG, Nevins WB, Wood WI, Reddi AH (1989) Purification and partial amino acid sequence of osteogenin, a protein initiating bone differentiation. J Biol Chem 264: 13377–13380

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marcelli C, Yates AJP, Mundy GR (1990) In vivo effects of human recombinant transforming growth factor beta on bone turnover in normal mice. J Bone Miner Res 5: 1087–1096

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Massagué J (1992) Receptors for the TGF-beta family. Cell 69: 1067–1070

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McCusker RH, Campion DR, Jones WK, Clemmons DR (1989) The insulinlike growth factor I ( IGF-I)-binding protein complex is a better mitogen than free IGF-I. Endocrinology 125: 766–772

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyazono K, Hellman U, Werstedt C, Heldin CH (1988) Latent high molecular weight complex of transforming growth factor 131. Purification from human platelets and structural characterization. J Biol Chem 263: 6407–6415

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohan S, Linkhart T, Jennings J, Baylink D (1988) Primary structure of human skeletal growth factor: homology with human insulin-like growth factor II. Biochim Biophys Acta 966: 44–45

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moses HL, Branum EL, Proper JA, Roberson RA (1981) Transforming growth factor production by chemically transformed cells. Cancer Res 41: 2842–2848

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moses HL, Yang EY, Pietenpol JA (1990) TGF13 stimulation and inhibition of cell proliferation: new mechanistic insights. Cell 63: 245–247

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mueller K, Cortesi R (1991) Insulin-like growth factor-I increases trabecular bone mass in ovariectomized rat. J Bone Miner Res 6 [Suppl 11: S221 (abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy-Ullrich JE, Schultz-Cherry S, Hook M (1992) Transforming growth factor-complexes with thrombospondin. Mol Biol Cell 3: 181–188

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nasatsky E, Schwartz Z, Boyan BD, Soskolne WA, Ornoy A (1993) Sex-dependent effects of I7-beta-estradiol on chondrocyte differentiation in culture. J Cell Physiol 154: 359–367

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson A, Carlsson B, Isgaard J, Isaksson OGP, Rymo L (1990) Regulation by GH of insulin-like growth factor-I mRNA expression in rat epiphyseal growth plate as studied with in-situ hybridization. J Endocrinol 125: 67–74

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Noda M, Camilliere JJ (1989) In vivo stimulation of bone formation by transforming growth factor 13. Endocrinology 124: 2991–2994

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Connor-McCourt MD, Wakefield LM (1987) Latent transforming growth factor beta in serum: a specific complex with alpha 2 macroglobulin. J Biol Chem 262: 14090–14099

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Olofsson A, Miyazono K, Kanzaki T, Colosetti P, Engstrom U, Heldin CH (1992) Transforming growth factor-131, -132 and -133 secreted by a human glioblastoma cell line: Identification of small and different forms of large latent complexes. J Biol Chem 267: 19482–19488

    Google Scholar 

  • Oreffo ROC, Mundy GR, Seyedin SM, Bonewald LF (1989) Activation of the bone derived latent TGF(3 complex by isolated osteoclasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 158: 817–823

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oreffo ROC, Bonewald L, Kukita A, Garrett IR, Seyedin SM, Rosen D, Mundy GR (1990) Inhibitory effects of the bone-derived growth factors osteoinductive factor and transforming growth factor (3 on isolated osteoclasts. Endocrinology 126: 3069–3075

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oursler MJ, Cortese C, Keeting P, Anderson MA, Bonde SK, Riggs BL, Spelsberg TC (1991) Modulation of transforming growth factor-beta production in normal human osteoblast-like cells by 17 beta-estradiol and parathyroid hormone. Endocrinology 129: 3313–3320

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oursler MJ, Pederson L, Pyfferoen J, Osdoby Ph, Fitzpatrick L, Spelsberg TC (1993) Estrogen modulation of avian osteoclast lysosomal gene expression. Endocrinology 132: 1373–1380

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ozkaynak E, Rueger DC, Drier EA, Corbett C, Ridge RJ (1990) OP-1 cDNA en- codes an osteogenic protein in the TGF-beta family. EMBO J 9: 2085–2093

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pacifici R, Rifas L, Teitelbaum S, Slatopolsky E, McCracken R, Bergfeld M, Lee W, Avioli LV, Peck WA (1987) Spontaneous release of interleukin-1 from human blood monocytes reflects bone formation in idiopathic osteoporosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84: 4616–4620

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pacifici R, Rifas L, McCracken R, Vered I, McMurtry C, Avioli LV, Peck WA (1989) Ovarian steroid treatment blocks a postmenopausal increase in blood monocyte interleukin-1 release. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 2398–2402

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Penttinen RP, Kobayashi S, Bornstein P (1988) Transforming growth factor 13 increases mRNA for matrix proteins both in the presence and in the absence of changes in mRNA stability. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: 1105–1108

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pfeilschifter J, Mundy GR (1987) Modulation of transforming growth factor beta activity in bone cultures by osteotropic hormones. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84: 2024–2028

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pfeilschifter J, D’Souza SM, Mundy GR (1987) Effects of transforming growth factor-beta on osteoblastic osteosarcoma cells. Endocrinology 121: 212–218

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pfeilschifter J, Seyedin SM, Mundy GR (1988) Transforming growth factor beta inhibits bone resorption in fetal rat long bone cultures. J Clin Invest 82: 680–685

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pilbeam CC, Klein-Nulend J, Raisz LG (1989) Inhibition by 17-beta-estradiol of PTH stimulated resorption and prostaglandin production in cultured neonatal mouse calvaria. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 163: 1319–1324

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pioli G, Basini G, Pedrazzoni M, Musetti G, Ulietti V, Bresciani D, Villa P, Bacchi A, Hughes D, Russell G, Passeri M (1992) Spontaneous release of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells after oophorectomy. Clin Sci 83: 503–507

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Purohit A, Flanagan AM, Reed MJ (1992) Estrogen synthesis by osteoblast cell lines. Endocrinology 131: 2027–2029

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ralston ST, Graham R, Russell G, Maxine G (1990) Estrogen inhibits release of tumor necrosis factor from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in postmenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res 5: 983–988

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rawlings ND, Barrett AJ (1990) Evolutionary families of peptidases. Biochem J 266: 622–624

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reed MJ, Coldham NG, Patel SR, Ghilchik MW, James VHT (1992) Interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 in breast cyst fluid: their role in regulating aromatase activity in breast cancer cells. J Endocrinol 132: R5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rickard DJ, Gowen M, MacDonald BR (1993) Proliferative responses to estradiol, IL-la and TGF13 by cells expressing alkaline phosphatase in human osteoblast-like cell cultures. Calcif Tissue Int 52: 227–233

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts AB, Angno MA, Lamb LC, Smith JM, Sporn MD (1981) New class of transforming growth factors potentiated by epidermal growth factor: isolation from non-neoplastic tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78: 5339

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenfeld RG, Lamson G, Pham H, Oh Y, Conover C, De Leon DD, Donovan SM, Ocrant I, Giudice L (1990) Insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins. Recent Prog Horm Res 46: 99–159

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosner IA, Malmeud CJ, Hassid AI, Goldberg VM, Boja BA, Moskowitz RW (1983) Estradiol and tamoxifen stimulation of lapine articular chondrocyte prostaglandin synthesis. Prostaglandins 26: 123–138

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rowley DR (1992) Glucocorticoregulation of transforming growth factor-I3 acti- vation in urogenital sinus mesenchymal cells. Endocrinology 131: 471–478

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan WG, Wolter J, Bagdade JD (1991) Apparent beneficial effects of tamoxifen on bone mineral content in patients with breast cancer. Osteoporosis Int 2: 39–41

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scharla SH, Strong DD, Mohan S, Baylink DJ, Linkhart TA (1991) 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 differentially regulates the production of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein-4 in mouse osteoblasts. Endocrinology 129: 3139–3146

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmid C, Ernst M, Zapf J, Froesch ER (1989) Release of insulin-like growth factor carrier proteins by osteoblasts: stimulation by estradiol and growth hormone. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 160: 788–794

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt C, Steiner R, Froesch EF (1983) Insulin-like growth factors stimulate synthesis of nucleic acids and glycogen in cultured calvaria cells. Calcif Tissue Int 35: 578–585

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz Z, Soskone WA, Neubauer T, Goldstein M, Adi S, Ornoy A (1991) Direct and sex-specific enhancement of bone formation and calcification by sex steroids in fetal mice long bone in vitro (biochemical and morphometric study). Endocrinology 129: 1167–1174

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scranton PE, McMaster JH, Diamond PE (1975) Hormone suppression of DNA synthesis in cultured chondrocytes and osteosarcoma cell lines. Clin Orthop Rel Res 112: 340–348

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Selby PL, Peacock M (1986) Ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone in the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 317: 1481–1485

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seyedin SM, Thomas TC, Thompson AY, Rosen DM, Piez KA (1985) Purification and characterization of two cartilage-inducing factors from bovine demineralized bone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82: 2267–2271

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seyedin SM, Thompson AY, Bentz H, Rosen DM, McPherson JM, Conti A, Siegel NR, Gallupi GR, Piez KA (1986) Cartilage-inducing factor-A. Apparent identity to transforming growth factor-(3. J Biol Chem 261: 5693–5695

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh A, Reed MJ (1991) Insulin-like growth factor type I and insulin-like growth factor type II stimulate oestradiol 170-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (reductive) activity in breast cancer cells. J Endocrinol I 29: R5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spencer EM, Liu CC, Si ECC, Howard GA (1991) In vivo actions of insulin-like growth factor-I ( IGF-I) on bone formation and resorption in rats. Bone 12: 21–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Stock JL, Coderre JA, McDonald B, Rosenwasser LJ (1989) Effects of estrogen in vivo and in vitro on spontaneous interleukin-1 release by monocytes from postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 68: 364–368

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi MM, Noumura T (1987) Sexually dimorphic and laterally asymmetric development of the embryonic duck syrinx: effect of estrogen on in vitro cell proliferation and chondrogenesis. Develop Biol 121: 417–422

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takano-Yamamoto TT, Rodan G (1990) Direct effects of 17(3-estradiol on trabecular bone in ovariectomized rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 2172–2176

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tarken S, Siris E, Seldin D, Flaster E, Hyman G, Lindsay R (1989) Effects of tamoxifen on spinal bone density in women with breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 81: 1086–1088

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsuji T, Okada F, Yamaguchi K, Nakamura T (1990) Molecular cloning of the large subunit of transforming growth factor type B masking protein and expression of mRNA in various rat tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 8835–8839

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Turner RT, Wakley GK, Hannon KS, Bell NH (1987) Tamoxifen prevents the skeletal effects of ovarian hormone deficiency in rats. J Bone Miner Res 2: 449–456

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Turner RT, Wakley GK, Hannon KS, Bell NH (1988) Tamoxifen inhibits osteoclast-mediated resorption of trabecular bone in ovarian hormone-deficient rats. Endocrinology 122: 1146–1150

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Twardzik DR, Mikovits JA, Ranchalis JE, Purchio AF, Ellingsworth L, Ruscetti FW (1990) y-Interferon activation of latent transforming growth factor beta by human monocytes. Ann NY Acad Sci 593: 276–284

    Google Scholar 

  • Urist MR (1965) Bone formation by autoinduction. Science 150: 893–899

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wakefield LM, Smith DM, Flanders KC, Sporn MB (1988) Latent transforming growth factor-beta from human platelets. A high molecular weight çomplex containing precursor sequences. J Biol Chem 263: 7646

    Google Scholar 

  • Wergedal JE, Mohan S, Taylor AK, Baylink DJ (1986) Skeletal growth factor is produced by human osteoblast-like cells in culture. Biochim Biophys Acta 889: 163–170

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wergedal JE, Mohan S, Lundy M, Baylink DJ (1990) Skeletal growth factor and other growth factors known to be present in bone matrix stimulate proliferation and protein synthesis in human bone cells. J Bone Miner Res 5: 179–186

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wozney JM (1992) The bone morphogenetic protein family and osteogenesis. Mol Reproduction Dev 32: 160–167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wozney JM, Rosen V, Celeste AJ, Mitsock LM, Whitters MJ, Kriz RW, He-wick RM, Wang EA (1988) Novel regulators of bone formation: Molecular clones and activities. Science 242: 1528–1534

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguchi Y, Mann DM, Ruoslahti E (1990) Negative regulation of transfor- ming growth factor 13 by the proteoglycan decorin. Nature 346: 261–284

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguchi A, Katagiri T, Ikeda T, Wozney JM, Rosen V, Wang EA, Kahn AJ, Suda T, Yoshiki S (1991) Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 stimulates osteoblastic maturation and inhibits myogenic differentiation in vitro. J Cell Biol 113: 681–687

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Lynda F. Bonewald
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Reinhard Ziegler Johannes Pfeilschifter Matthias Bräutigam

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Bonewald, L.F. (1994). Effects of Estrogen on Growth Factors in Bone. In: Ziegler, R., Pfeilschifter, J., Bräutigam, M. (eds) Sex Steroids and Bone. Ernst Schering Research Foundation Workshop, vol 9. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03043-1_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03043-1_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-03045-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-03043-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation