Abstract
Plants, being sedentary organisms, are inevitably confronted during their life cycle with numerous environmentally determined stress situations that can be detrimental to their survival. Apart from tolerating large fluctuations in temperature, changes in the nutrient composition and salinity of the soil, flooding, drought, etc., plants are continuously exposed to harmful air- and soilborne bacterial and fungal pathogens or insect pests. In order to meet such challenges, plants possess both preformed structural physical barriers, such as the cell wall, and have evolved inducible mechanisms which allow them to respond rapidly to external stimuli. In the case of pathogen attack, early perception of the invading agent and the rapidity with which the active defense responses are initiated can strongly influence the outcome of the interaction. Therefore, only by understanding in detail the molecular mechanisms underlying this multifacet plant defense response, can we devise efficient and safe strategies to prevent plant infections by means of genetic engineering techniques.
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Somssich, I.E. (1994). Regulatory Elements Governing Pathogenesis-Related (PR) Gene Expression. In: Nover, L. (eds) Plant Promoters and Transcription Factors. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, vol 20. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-48037-2_7
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