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Conforming Women Citizens in the Making. Targeting Migrants Through Gendered Immigrant Integration Policies in Helsinki and Paris

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Creating Target Publics for Welfare Policies

Part of the book series: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning ((LARI,volume 17))

Abstract

Although contemporary immigrant integration policies are increasingly geared towards fashioning “good” citizens out of migrant women in France and Finland the institutional socialization process performing this work evolves differently and with different inequality related outcomes in the two countries. However, differential national conceptions of women’s citizenship, as real as they may be, do not alone suffice to explain the observed differences. It is neither enough to explain the divergences by the attributes of individual street-level bureaucrats. A careful analysis the local institutional context and ordinary practices of integration is necessary for understanding why these policies (re)produce inequalities through different kind of boundary-work. The comparative case study shows that inequalities are produced more strongly along ethnic boundaries in France and through the contraction of the gender boundaries in Finland that participate in practice in defining the category of deserving citizens.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The names of the informants have been changed and the neighbourhoods anonymized for research ethical reasons.

  2. 2.

    Interview with Samina, 30.3.2012.

  3. 3.

    Interview with Samina, 30.3.2012.

  4. 4.

    Idem.

  5. 5.

    Idem.

  6. 6.

    Idem.

  7. 7.

    Interview with Leena, 5.3.2014.

  8. 8.

    Idem.

  9. 9.

    Idem.

  10. 10.

    Interview with Pirkko, 3.4.2014.

  11. 11.

    Interview with Samina, 30.3.2012.

  12. 12.

    Interview with Leena, 5.3.2014.

  13. 13.

    Interview with Pascal, 27.11.2013.

  14. 14.

    Fieldnotes, 14.9.2011.

  15. 15.

    Fieldnotes, 9.11.2013.

  16. 16.

    Fieldnotes, 28.9.2011.

  17. 17.

    “Women and men reaching an agreement”

  18. 18.

    Interview with Leena 5.3.2014.

  19. 19.

    Ibidem.

  20. 20.

    Interview with Seija, 13.3.2014.

  21. 21.

    Ibidem.

  22. 22.

    A comparison of the 1997 report Maahanmuuttajanaiset Suomessa (Immigrant Women in Finland) issued by the Ministry of Work and the 2012 State’s Integration Programme by the Ministry of Employment and Economy makes evident the neglect of a plurality of situations migrant women live in in the 2012 report.

  23. 23.

    The Neighbourhood House’s information bulletin, autumn 2013.

  24. 24.

    Implanted in a residential area with a concentration of social housing and a large migrant population, it previously functioned as a Residents’ House with two municipal social workers mandated to support the local residents’ self-organized activities. In the early 2000’s, the unit was transferred under the Helsinki City department of early childhood education and its activities have since increasingly targeted families with small children.

  25. 25.

    Femmes de l’immigration: assurer le plein exercice de la citoyenneté, à part entière, à parts égales. 2005. Paris: Ministère de la parité et de l’égalité professionnelle, Ministère de la justice Paris. 6. The document notably identifies migrants of African origin as typical victims of oppressive practices like forced marriage, polygamy and gender mutilation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. École des hautes études en sciences sociales, Centre Maurice Halbwachs, Paris, France

    Linda Haapajärvi

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  1. Linda Haapajärvi
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Correspondence to Linda Haapajärvi .

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  1. CRESPPA-CSU (UMR 7217), Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France

    Lorenzo Barrault-Stella

  2. Lab-LEX (EA 7480), Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France

    Pierre-Edouard Weill

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Haapajärvi, L. (2018). Conforming Women Citizens in the Making. Targeting Migrants Through Gendered Immigrant Integration Policies in Helsinki and Paris. In: Barrault-Stella, L., Weill, PE. (eds) Creating Target Publics for Welfare Policies. Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, vol 17. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89596-3_7

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