Abstract
In this paper, we present a novel localization method of facial feature points with generalization ability based on a data-driven semi-supervised learning approach. Even though a powerful facial feature detector can be built using a number of human-annotated training data, the collection process is time-consuming and very often impractical due to the high cost and error-prone process of manual annotations. The proposed method takes advantage of a data-driven semi-supervised learning that optimizes a hybrid detector by interacting with a hierarchical data model to suppress and regularize noisy outliers. The competitive performance comparing to other state-of-the-art technology is also shown using benchmark datasets, Bosprous, BioID.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Celiktutan, O., et al.: A Comparative Study of Face Landmarking Techniques, EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing (2013)
Lowe, D.G.: Distinctive image features from scale-invariant keypoints. Int. J. Comput. Vision 60(2), 91–110 (2004)
Zhu, X., Ramanan, D.: Face detection, pose estimation and landmark estimation in the wild. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2012)
Cristinacce, D., Cootes, T.: Feature detection and tracking with constrained local models. In: Proceedings BMVC, pp. 929–938 (2006)
Cristinacce, D., Cootes, T., Scott, I.: A multi-stage approach to facial feature detection. Proc. British Mach. Vis. Conf. 1, 231–240 (2004)
Belhumeur, P.N., Jacobs, D.W., Kriegman, D.J., Kumar, N.: Localizing parts of faces using a consensus of exemplars. In: CVPR (2011)
Blum, A., Mitchell, T.: Combining labeled and unlabeled data with co-training. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference on Computational Learning Theory, pp. 92–100 (1998)
Tong, Y., Liu, X., Wheeler, F.W., Tu, P.: Semi-supervised facial landmark annotation. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. (CVIU) 116(8), 922–935 (2012)
Forero, P.A.: Robust clustering using outlier-sparsity regularization. IEEE Trans. Sig. Process. 60(8), 4163–4177 (2012)
Viola, P., Jones, M.J.: Robust real-time face detection. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 57(2), 137–154 (2004)
Goodall, C.: Procrustes methods in the statistical analysis of shape. J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B 53(2), 285–339 (1991)
Hong, S., Khim, S., Lee, P.K.: Efficient face landmark localization using spatial-context adaboost algorithm. In: Proceedings Journal of Visaul Communication and Image Presentation (2013)
Mareček1, J., Richtárik2, P., Takáč, M.: Distributed Block Coordinate Descent for Minimizing Partially Separable Functions, Math.OC 2 June 2014
Savran, A., Alyüz, N., Dibeklioğlu, H., Çeliktutan, O., Gökberk, B., Sankur, B., Akarun, L.: Bosphorus database for 3D face analysis. In: Schouten, B., Juul, N.C., Drygajlo, A., Tistarelli, M. (eds.) BIOID 2008. LNCS, vol. 5372, pp. 47–56. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Dibeklioglu, H., Salah, A.A., Gevers, T.: A statistical method for 2-D facial landmarking. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 21(2), 844–858 (2012)
Milborrow, S., Nicolls, F.: Active Shape Models with SIFT Descriptors and MARS. VISAPP (2014)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kim, Y.Y., Hong, S.J., Rhee, J.H., Nam, M.Y., Rhee, P.K. (2015). Robust Facial Feature Localization using Data-Driven Semi-supervised Learning Approach. In: Nalpantidis, L., Krüger, V., Eklundh, JO., Gasteratos, A. (eds) Computer Vision Systems. ICVS 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9163. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20904-3_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20904-3_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-20903-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-20904-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)