Abstract
During the last decade or so, gender issues have gained a place in mainstream development discourses. Empirical evidence suggests that the estimated value of gender equality has significant potential to contribute to global growth. In order to address the inequality, disparity, and needs and concerns of women—particularly those who are disadvantaged and marginalized—the practice of gender budgeting was introduced in the early 1980s. In the case of Bangladesh, gender budgeting was introduced in 2009. This type of budgeting, however, has been obstructed in a practical sense by a number of social, political, and institutional factors such as inadequate conceptual clarity and a lack of professional competence and skills; most importantly, an effective demand also appears to be weak if not entirely missing. Furthermore, there are noticeable institutional weaknesses to undertake in-depth gender analyses and gather gender-disaggregated data, and there is no credible monitoring system.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Research Monographs of 8th Semester PA 414, “Institutional Trust of Service Agencies—Does gender matter?”, Department of Public Administration, University of Dhaka, 2016.
- 2.
The categories are gender blind—projects that do not directly cater to or address women’s development; gender neutral—projects in which both men and women are likely to be benefitted equally; gender specific—projects exclusively formulated for the development of women; gender responsive—projects/policies sensitive to gender parity.
- 3.
A gender focal point of a ministry is the assigned officer who monitors and reviews the gender-related activities of the concerned ministries, with particular responsibility to follow the gender-budget implementation and its implications.
References
Bobbitt-Zeher, D. (2011). Gender discrimination at work: Connecting gender stereotypes, institutional policies, and gender composition of workplace. Gender and Society, 25(6), 764–786.
Cagatay, N. (2003). Gender budgets and beyond: Feminist fiscal policy in the context of globalization. Gender and Development, 11(1), 15–24.
Council of Europe (COE). (2009, April). Gender budgeting: Practical implementation. Handbook, Council of Europe, Directorate General of Human Rights and Legal Affairs.
Das, S., & Mishra, Y. (2006). Gender budgeting statement: Misleading and patriarchal assumptions. Economic and Political Weekly, 41(30), 3285–3288.
Frey, R., & Kohnen, M. (2012). Guidance gender budgeting in public administration. Vienna: Bundesministerin Für Frauen und Öffentlichen Dienst.
Global Gender Gap Report. (2018). World Economic Forum, Geneva.
Government of Bangladesh. (2012). Perspective plan of Bangladesh 2010–2021: Making vision 2021 a reality. General Economics Division, Planning Commission, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh.
Government of Bangladesh. (2015). 7th Five Year Plan 2016–2020: Accelerating growth, empowering citizens. General Economic Division, Planning Commission.
Kabeer, N. (1994). Reverse reality: Hierarchies in development thought. London: Verso.
Kapungu, R. (2008). The Zimbabwe gender budgeting and women’s empowerment programme. Issue: Engendering national & global economic policies. Agenda, 22(78), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2008.9674985
Kuosmanen, J. (2016). Human rights, public budgets and epistemic challenges. Human Rights Review, 17(2), 247–267.
Kusakabe, K. (2005). Gender mainstreaming in government offices in Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos: Perspectives from below. Gender and Development, 13(2), 46–56.
Mishra, Y., & Jhamb, B. (2007). What does budget 2007–08 offer women? Economic and Political Weekly, 42(16), 1423–1428.
Mishra, Y., & Navanita, S. (2012). Gender responsive budgeting in India: What has gone wrong? Economic and Political Weekly, 47(17), 50–57.
Nussbaum, M., Basu, A., Tambiah, Y., & Gopal, J. N. (2003). Essay on gender and governance. New Delhi: Human Development Resource Centre, UNDP.
O’Hagan, A., & Klatzer, E. (2018). Introducing gender budgeting in Europe. In A. O’Hagan & E. Klatzer (Eds.), Gender budgeting in Europe (pp. 3–18). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Rahman, M. (2018). Policing mega city—A study of metropolitan Dhaka. Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Dhaka.
Sarraf, F. (2003). Gender-responsive government budgeting. International Monetary Fund Working Paper 03/83. International Monetary Fund, Washington, DC.
Siddique, K. (2013). A case study of gender responsive budgeting in Bangladesh. London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
Stewart, M. (2017). Gender inequality in Australia’s tax-transfer system. In M. Stewart (Ed.), Tax, social policy and gender: Rethinking equality and efficiency. Canberra: ANU Press.
Stokey, J. G. (2006). Gender budgeting. IMF Working Paper No. 06/232. International Monetary Fund (IMF), Washington, DC.
Taylor, V. (1997). Economic gender injustice: The MACRO picture. Agenda, 13(33), 9–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/10130950.1997.9675600
UN Women. (2018). Facts and figures: Economic empowerment. Retrieved May 5, 2019, from http://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/economic-empowerment/facts-and-figures
UNDP. (1995). Human Development Report 1995. New York: Oxford University Press.
Watkins, R. (2016, January 1). The road to 2030: Development challenges in Bangladesh. The Daily Star.
Zuckerman, E. (2000). Macroeconomic policies and gender in the World Bank. Background paper for integrating gender into the World Bank’s Work: A strategy for action. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Aminuzzaman, S.M. (2020). Gender Budgeting and Governance Challenges: A Case Study of Bangladesh. In: Jamil, I., Aminuzzaman, S., Lasna Kabir, S., Haque, M. (eds) Gender Mainstreaming in Politics, Administration and Development in South Asia. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36012-2_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36012-2_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-36011-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-36012-2
eBook Packages: Political Science and International StudiesPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)