The Problems of Modernization of the Social and Economic Development in the Light of the Scientific and Technological Revolution

Abstract

This research is aimed at identifying the indicators and criteria of modernization of the economy in the light of the scientific and technological revolution. The indicators of social and economic development of Russia and the most developed countries of the world: United States, Japan, United Kingdom, France and Italy were compared in the process of the study. The research methodology itself is based on a system approach that combines the methods of induction, deduction, comparative analysis, identification of the general, the special and the particular, etc. Various ratings, statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation and its local offices, the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, as well as the content from the Internet were used as an information base; author’s own estimates. The basic results of research are as follows: the relevance of the development of criteria for modernization of the economy in the light of the scientific and technological revolution and modernization models has been revealed. It has been found that depending on whether modernization occurs on the basis of the scientific and technological revolution or on the basis of evolutionary changes, modernization can be either evolutionary or revolutionary. it has been proved that modernization is based on innovations, the ultimate goal of which consists in improving resource efficiency. Criteria for modernization of any economic system, which are relevant both for the scientific and technological revolution and for evolutionary modernizations, have been defined.