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Microwave-assisted preparation of biodegradable, hemocompatible, and antimicrobial neem gum–grafted poly (acrylamide) hydrogel using (3)2 factorial design

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Abstract

The objective of the study was to prepare neem gum polysaccharide graft copolymers of acrylamide (NGP-g-Am) using 3 factorial design. Prepared NGP-g-Am’s hydrogels were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR spectral analysis, SEM images, contact angle determination, biodegradability, hemocompatibility, and pH-dependent swelling ability. NGP-g-Am showed more swelling index in all the media like double distilled water, 1 N NaOH, and 0.1 N HCl than native form. Data obtained through soil burial biodegradation studies were showed t90% for neem gum polysaccharide (NGP) and NGP-g-Am (N1), 9 and 28 days, respectively. Findings of the Lee-White test for blood clotting time showed the longest clotting time (15.39 ± 0.53 min) for NGP-g-Am (N5) as compared with that for the uncoated glass surface (2.05 ± 0.93 min). Thrombus formed during studies were found to be significantly more in case of uncoated glass surface as compared with N (0.47 ± 0.23 mg), N1 (0.29 ± 0.08 mg), N2 (0.30 ± 0.13 mg), N5 (0.29 ± 0.11 mg), N7 (0.29 ± 0.07 mg), and N9 (0.28 ± 0.13 mg). Structure-based docking studies predict that binding of ligands to TLR-4 receptors is significantly more responsible for the antimicrobial effect of both NGP and NGP-g-Am.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are highly thankful to Mr. Mukesh Roy, Asst. Professor, Amity University, to carry out contact angle measurement and their help in SEM analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymer Science Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical & Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Plot No 2, Sector 17-A, Yamuna Expressway, Gautam Buddh Nagar, Greater Noida, UP, India

    Rishabha Malviya & Pramod Kumar Sharma

  2. Department of Pharmacy, Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Rishabha Malviya

  3. Siddhartha Institute of Pharmacy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Susheel Kumar Dubey

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  1. Rishabha Malviya
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Correspondence to Rishabha Malviya.

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Malviya, R., Sharma, P.K. & Dubey, S.K. Microwave-assisted preparation of biodegradable, hemocompatible, and antimicrobial neem gum–grafted poly (acrylamide) hydrogel using (3)2 factorial design. emergent mater. 2, 95–112 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-019-00022-y

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