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Non-woven Textile Materials from Waste Fibers for Cleanup of Waters Polluted with Petroleum and Oil Products

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Abstract

The aim of this work was to investigate the possibility of using non-woven materials (NWM) from waste fibers for oil spill cleanup and their subsequent recovery. Manufacture of textile and readymade products generates a significant amount of solid waste. A major part of it is deposited in landfills or disposed of uncontrollably. This slowly degradable waste causes environmental problems. In the present study are used two types of NWM obtained by methods where waste fibers are utilized. Thus, real textile products are produced (blankets) with which spills are covered and removed by adsorption. These products are produced by two methods: the strengthening of the covering from recovered fibers is made by entanglement when needles of special design pass through layers (needle-punching) or by stitching with thread (technology Maliwatt). Regardless of the random nature of the fiber mixture, the investigated products are good adsorbents of petroleum products. The nature of their structure (a significant void volume and developed surface) leads to a rapid recovery of the spilled petroleum products without sinking of the fiber layer for the sampled times. The used NWM can be burned under special conditions.

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Acknowledgements

The project no. BG161PO003-1.1.05–0261/15.02.2013 “Filter media of non-wovens”, developed by E-SOLAR Ltd., was funded under the Operational Program “Development of the Competitiveness of Bulgarian Economy” 2007–2013 and co-financed by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund and the national budget of the Republic of Bulgaria.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nonwovens, Technical Textile and Nanotechnology in Textile Laboratory, Technical University, 1756, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Margarita Neznakomova

  2. Department of Ecology and Nature Protection, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Silvena Boteva

  3. Environmental Technology and Management Laboratory, Technical University, 1756, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Luben Tzankov

  4. Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed Elhag

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  1. Margarita Neznakomova
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  2. Silvena Boteva
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  3. Luben Tzankov
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  4. Mohamed Elhag
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Correspondence to Mohamed Elhag.

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Neznakomova, M., Boteva, S., Tzankov, L. et al. Non-woven Textile Materials from Waste Fibers for Cleanup of Waters Polluted with Petroleum and Oil Products. Earth Syst Environ 2, 413–420 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-018-0048-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-018-0048-8

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