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Thermal Analysis of Rare Earth Grain Refined 4130

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Abstract

This paper discusses the thermal analysis of rare earth grain refined 4130. To accomplish this, heats of 4130 Baseline, 0.3 wt% RE silicide, and 0.3 wt% EGR were poured in a thermal analysis cup with a single S-type thermocouple at the bottom. A data acquisition system recorded the cooling curves whose values were compared to reference data. The samples were sectioned and macroetched. A scanning electron microscope analyzed the samples to determine inclusion composition. It was observed that the liquidus was similar for all the samples; however, the peritectic temperature for the 0.3 wt% RE and 0.3 wt% EGR was higher than the Baseline. This increase was thought to be due to RE oxysulfides acting as heterogeneous nuclei for austenite. A number of additional peaks appeared in the grain refined steels that seem to be related to the formation of RE oxysulfides during solidification. Macroetching found a larger equiaxed region in the TA cups from the treated steels and a finer structure. The improvement in microstructure seems related to the RE inclusions and peritectic temperature increase.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Office of Naval Research for financially supporting this work under Award Number N000141712766. Appreciation to Tyler Schramski and Hunter Towalski is also extended for their efforts in producing the material for this work. The authors value MeltLab’s assistance in understanding the practicalities of thermal analysis and modifying their software based on our discussions to provide a better steel analysis. Support from FOSECO through for their donations of various consumables for conducting these experiments was invaluable. Lastly, Jennie Tuttle’s efforts in editing this paper are also acknowledged.

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  1. Saginaw Valley State University, University Center, MI, USA

    Robert Tuttle & Het A. Kapadia

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  1. Robert Tuttle
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Correspondence to Robert Tuttle.

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Tuttle, R., Kapadia, H.A. Thermal Analysis of Rare Earth Grain Refined 4130. Inter Metalcast 13, 273–285 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-018-0274-8

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