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Forward and reverse genetics approaches for combined stress tolerance in rice

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Abstract

Climate change impact on global agricultural food production has been evident in the past few decades. Abiotic factors such as heat, drought, and salinity share a major proportion of crop yield losses and posing a serious threat to global food security. Developing climate resilient crops has become a frontier area of basic plant science and agricultural research. Persistent efforts by scientists to understand crop responses under natural environment and progress in the field of genomics and phenomics has provided unprecedented pace to crop development programs. Rice is the most important cereal crop and staple food for more than 3 billion people worldwide. Heat, drought and salinity stress are the major constraints for global rice production. Hence, efforts are warranted to develop climate-resilient rice cultivars that can produce substantially under different abiotic stresses. Crop plants seldom face single stress in the natural environment. Indeed, heat and drought or drought and salinity are documented as very obvious combinations suggesting multiple stress tolerance as an important breeding target. Forward and reverse genetic tools could effectively contribute towards achieving the target food production to feed the future population despite limiting resources and unfavorable climatic conditions. Genetic approaches adopted for crop improvement programs categorized as forward and reverse genetics are discussed highlighting their potential benefits for tailoring stress tolerant cultivars.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to thank, Joint FAO-IAEA Division Plant breeding and Genetics section for support and encouragement under the IAEA-CRP 23031 “Improving Resilience to Drought in Rice and Sorghum through Mutation Breeding” project. AP would also like to thank Department of Biotechnolgy, GOI for financial support through INDIA-NWO program, and Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (IUSSTF) to his laboratory at JNU, New Delhi, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India

    Rajeev N. Bahuguna, Priyanka Gupta, Jayram Bagri, Deepti Singh & Ashwani Pareek

  2. Plant Mutation Breeding Group, Center for Isotopes and Radiation Application, National Nuclear Energy Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia

    Azri Kusuma Dewi

  3. Department of Plant Science and Technology, College of Crop Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China

    Lan Tao

  4. Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) Plant Breeding Division, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

    Mirza Islam

  5. Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria

    Fatma Sarsu

  6. Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India

    Sneh L. Singla-Pareek

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  1. Rajeev N. Bahuguna
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Bahuguna, R.N., Gupta, P., Bagri, J. et al. Forward and reverse genetics approaches for combined stress tolerance in rice. Ind J Plant Physiol. 23, 630–646 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-018-0418-0

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