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Hangenberg Black Shale with cymaclymeniid ammonoids in the terminal Devonian of South China

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Abstract

The Hangenberg Crisis at the end of the Devonian is marked by a sudden global mass extinction (main Hangenberg Event), which was especially severe for ammonoids. Among the order Clymeniida, only the cymaclymeniids survived for a short time. We report the first discovery of Postclymenia cf. evoluta in South China in equivalents of the Hangenberg Black Shale (the regional Changshun Shale) at the Jiarantang section in Guizhou. The South China plate was far away and completely different from the Euramerica continent, where the Hangenberg Event/Crisis was first recognised. The presence of similar ammonoids as in contemporaneous beds of the Rhenish Massif, Germany, suggests close faunal relationship through the Palaeotethys Ocean. It agrees with a sudden spread of opportunistic extinction survivors with the initial Hangenberg Transgression. The regional facies and faunal succession at Jiarantang confirms previous concepts of a eustatically driven, significant transgressive-regressive couplet in the lower/middle crisis interval. The near-global distribution of cymaclymeniid survivors shows that their extinction at the end of the extended crisis interval must have been caused by a so far neglected, small-scale global extinction event in the open marine realm.

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Acknowledgements

This paper benefited from various topical discussions with Hou Hongfei (Institute of Geology, CAGS) and Liao Weihua (Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology). Yin Bao’an (Guangxi Regional Geological Survey) and Tan Zhengxiu (Hunan Regional Geological Survey) were helpful during our fieldwork. Sven Hartenfels (WWU Münster) commented on the conodonts. This manuscript benefited from comments by Dieter Korn (Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin) and two other anonymous reviewers. The support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 41290260) is also acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing, 100871, China

    Meiqiong Zhang, Xueping Ma & Yubo Zhang

  2. Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraβe 24, 48149, Münster, Germany

    R. Thomas Becker

  3. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 26 Baiwanzhuang Road, Beijing, 100037, China

    Pu Zong

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  1. Meiqiong Zhang
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  2. R. Thomas Becker
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  3. Xueping Ma
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Correspondence to Xueping Ma.

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This article is a contribution to the special issue “Devonian palaeoecosystems and palaeoenvironments of South China”.

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Zhang, M., Becker, R.T., Ma, X. et al. Hangenberg Black Shale with cymaclymeniid ammonoids in the terminal Devonian of South China. Palaeobio Palaeoenv 99, 129–142 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-018-0348-x

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