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Effects of pig and dairy slurry application on N and P leaching from crop rotations with spring cereals and forage leys

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Abstract

Two crop rotations dominated by spring cereals and grass/clover leys on a clay soil were studied over 2 years with respect to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) leaching associated with pig or dairy slurry application in April, June and October. Leaching losses of total N (TN), total P (TP), nitrate-N and dissolved reactive P (DRP) were determined in separately tile-drained field plots (four replicates). Mean annual DRP leaching after October application of dairy slurry (17 kg P ha−1) to growing grass/clover was 0.37 kg ha−1. It was significantly higher than after October application of pig slurry (13 kg ha−1) following spring cereals (0.16 kg ha−1) and than in the unfertilised control (0.07 kg P ha−1). The proportion of DRP in TP in drainage water from the grass/clover crop rotation (35 %) was higher than from the spring cereal rotation (25 %) and the control (14 %). The grass/clover rotation proved to be very robust with respect to N leaching, with mean TN leaching of 10.5 kg ha−1 year−1 compared with 19.2 kg ha−1 year−1 from the cereal crop rotation. Pig slurry application after cereals in October resulted in TN leaching of 25.7 kg ha−1 compared with 7.0 kg ha−1 year−1 after application to grass/clover in October and 19.1 kg ha−1 year−1 after application to spring cereals in April. In conclusion, these results show that crop rotations dominated by forage leys need special attention with respect to DRP leaching and that slurry application should be avoided during wet conditions or combined with methods to increase adsorption of P to soil particles.

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Acknowledgments

This study received financial support from the Swedish Farmers’ Foundation of Agricultural Research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7014, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden

    Helena Aronsson, Jian Liu & Gunnar Torstensson

  2. Swedish Rural Economy and Agricultural Society of Halland, Lilla Böslid 146, 305 96, Eldsberga, Sweden

    Erik Ekre

  3. Swedish Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Box 7033, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden

    Eva Salomon

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  1. Helena Aronsson
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  2. Jian Liu
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  4. Gunnar Torstensson
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Correspondence to Helena Aronsson.

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Aronsson, H., Liu, J., Ekre, E. et al. Effects of pig and dairy slurry application on N and P leaching from crop rotations with spring cereals and forage leys. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 98, 281–293 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-014-9611-3

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